RAPID: Winners and Losers when Science Moves Home: Differential Effects of COVID-19 based on Discipline, Caregiving, and Career Stage

RAPID：科学回家时的赢家和输家：基于纪律、护理和职业阶段的 COVID-19 的不同影响

• 批准号: 2030013
• 负责人: Monica Gaughan
• 金额: $ 17.57万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2030013&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Winners; Losers; when; Science

COVID-19 is having widespread—but disparate—effects on the nation's scientific capacity housed in the higher education sector, including the STEM researchers who conduct basic and applied research, and who train future generations of scientists. One-half of basic research conducted in the United States is performed in the higher education sector, and the federal government finances over half of it. The research universities, and the academic STEM researchers who are employed by them, are essential to the national science system. The overarching question of this project is, how do changes brought about by COVID-19 affect the productivity of academic STEM researchers and the science they conduct? Results will inform policy making to help the core of the nation's research enterprise to meet the challenge of conducting research vital to the nation’s interests during a worldwide pandemic. Although COVID-19 is a specific instance of a macro-level disruption to science, findings from this study will also inform how to build STEM research capacity to be resilient when confronted with future large-scale changes. Because academic STEM researchers are also student research mentors and educators, understanding adaptations such as use of new technologies, will improve the quality and impact of STEM education and contribute to a better prepared STEM workforce.In this multi-method study, we study the impacts of macro social disruption and dislocation on patterns of academic productivity, choice of research topics and projects pursed, and sustaining or rethinking patterns of collaboration and teamwork. The first arm of the study is to conduct semi-structured qualitative interviews of STEM professors in the following broad areas: large-scale infrastructure-dependent research (e.g., that requiring large congregate specialized research facilities, such as observatories); smaller-scale infrastructure-dependent research (e.g., laboratories located at universities); fieldwork dependent research; applied research; and analytic research. We expect differences in impact on research productivity across these different types: We hypothesize that infrastructure-dependent science will be affected more negatively than other modes of science. In selecting participants in the qualitative arm, we will ensure diversity across a variety of dimensions to test our hypothesis that the COVID-19 crisis will have especially negative impacts on early career researchers, and those with more caretaking responsibilities. Results from the qualitative arm of the study will enable the development of extensive indices of potential impacts and scientific adjustments, which will then form the basis of a national survey to assess the project's hypotheses on a nationally representative survey of academic scientists. The study design is longitudinal, including two waves of the survey.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

COVID-19正在对高等教育部门的国家科学能力产生快速但严重的影响，包括进行基础和应用研究以及培养后代科学家的STEM研究人员。 美国的基础研究有一半是在高等教育部门进行的，其中一半以上由联邦政府提供资金。研究型大学及其雇用的STEM学术研究人员是国家科学体系的关键。 这个项目的首要问题是，COVID-19带来的变化如何影响学术STEM研究人员的生产力和他们进行的科学？ 结果将为政策制定提供信息，以帮助国家研究企业的核心应对在全球大流行期间进行对国家利益至关重要的研究的挑战。虽然COVID-19是宏观层面对科学破坏的一个具体实例，但这项研究的结果也将为如何建立STEM研究能力提供信息，以便在面对未来大规模变化时具有弹性。 由于学术STEM研究人员也是学生研究导师和教育工作者，了解适应性，如使用新技术，将提高STEM教育的质量和影响，并有助于更好地准备STEM劳动力。在这个多方法研究中，我们研究了宏观社会破坏和错位对学术生产力模式的影响，研究主题和项目的选择，以及维持或重新思考合作和团队合作的模式。 该研究的第一个分支是在以下广泛领域对STEM教授进行半结构化定性访谈：大规模依赖基础设施的研究（例如，需要大型聚集的专门研究设施，如天文台）;较小规模的基础设施依赖性研究（例如，实验室设在大学）;实地考察依赖研究;应用研究;和分析研究。 我们预计这些不同类型对研究生产力的影响会有所不同： 我们假设，依赖基础设施的科学将比其他科学模式受到更负面的影响。 在选择定性部分的参与者时，我们将确保各个方面的多样性，以验证我们的假设，即COVID-19危机将对早期职业研究人员以及那些承担更多照顾责任的人产生特别负面的影响。 该研究的定性部分的结果将有助于制定潜在影响和科学调整的广泛指数，这些指数将成为全国调查的基础，以评估该项目对全国有代表性的学术科学家调查的假设。 该研究设计是纵向的，包括两波调查。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。