Room Acoustics and Musical Performance: New Predictors for Acoustical Conditions on Stage

“Raumakustik und musikalische Interpretation”项目的最终报告已提交，该项目调查了音乐表演期间的声学条件是否以及以何种方式影响乐器和声乐表演者的演奏和演唱方式，包括克里思，动力学和音色再现。它不仅表明了存在着哪些一般的相互关系，以及这些相互关系在多大程度上取决于乐器和音乐家个人的个性。该项目还提供了一个舞台声学质量清单（STAQI），即，从音乐家的角度来看，由17个项目和5个因素组成的房间音质的共识词汇表。延续建议的目的是确定房间的声学参数，可以作为这些品质的技术预测。虽然目前在ISO 3382-1中建议的两个参数对舞台条件的有效性有限，但在过去的二十年中提出了各种新参数，但是到目前为止，没有一个参数被应用到室内声学规划中。本项目旨在通过创建一个大型刺激池来评估不同音乐合奏类型（独奏/室内乐/交响乐团）的舞台声学条件，在系统变化的声学条件的基础上，与不同的音乐家和不同的音乐曲目，在这个方向上迈出决定性的一步。这些系统的变化将通过先进的室内声学模拟和动态双耳合成来实现，特别注意舞台上音乐家和乐谱架的衍射效应，而STAQI将用作声学条件差异化评估的测量仪器。该分析将使用通用加性模型和多变量自适应回归样条，旨在为每个STAQI因子选择最佳预测因子，并估计所选预测因子的非线性效应和相互作用。确定的最佳参数将通过分析音乐家在表演后立即进行的感知评估以及对他们表演本身的影响进行交叉验证，这两者都强调了这些参数所代表的舞台声学特征的相关性。

The project "Raumakustik und musikalische Interpretation", of which a final report is presented, has investigated if and in what way the acoustic conditions during a musical performance influence the way of playing and singing of instrumental and vocal performers with respect to tempo, dynamics and timbral rendition. It has not only shown which general interrelationships exist, and to what extent these depend on the musical instrument and on the personality of the individual musician. The project has also delivered a Stage Acoustical Quality Inventory (STAQI), i.e., a consensus vocabulary of room acoustical qualities from the perspective of musicians consisting of 17 items and 5 factors. The continuation proposal presented aims at identifying room acoustical parameters which can serve as technical predictors for these qualities. While the limited validity of the two parameters currently suggested in ISO 3382-1 for stage conditions is widely acknowledged, a variety of new parameters were suggested during the last two decades, none of which, however, has found its way into room acoustic planning so far. The present project aims to take a decisive step in this direction by creating a large stimulus pool for the assessment of stage acoustic conditions for different musical ensemble types (solo / chamber music / symphony orchestra) with different musicians and different musical repertoire on the basis of systematically varied acoustic conditions. These systematic variations will be realized with advanced room acoustic simulation and dynamic binaural synthesis, with particular attention to diffraction effects by musicians and music stands on stage, while the STAQI will be used as a measuring instrument for a differentiated assessment of the acoustic conditions. The analysis will use General Additive Models and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines aiming at selecting optimal predictors for each STAQI factor and estimating also non-linear effects and interactions of the selected predictors. The best parameters identified will be cross-validated by analyzing the perceptual assessments of musicians immediately after their performance as well as the effect on their performance itself, both underlining the relevance of the stage acoustical features represented by these parameters.