Southern Ocean Biogeochemistry Control on Short-Lived Ozone-Depleting Substances and Impacts on the Climate System

南大洋生物地球化学对短期消耗臭氧层物质的控制及其对气候系统的影响

• 批准号: 2032328
• 负责人: Eric Apel
• 金额: $ 34.4万
• 依托单位: University Corporation For Atmospheric Res
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2032328&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Southern; Ocean; Biogeochemistry; Control; Short

A class of small molecules, very short-lived substances (VSLS; e.g. CHBr3,CH2Br2, and CH3I) are important components in the climate system where they act as tropospheric ozone destroyers as described in the multilateral environmental Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer. The Southern Ocean represents a key component in the climate system and has a critical role in other global biogeochemical cycles.This project will use the NSF/NCAR Community Earth System Model (CESM) with a newly developed online air-sea exchange framework, to evaluate biogeochemical controls on the marine sources of VSLS in the Southern Ocean as well as the Southern Hemisphere. A machine-learning approach will be used to couple ocean biogeochemistry with air-sea exchange for these compounds. A variety of oceanic and atmospheric observations of VSLS will be used to evaluate a unique oceanic VSLS inventory. In particular, the recent ORCAS field campaign provides a unique opportunity to examine Southern Ocean VSLS emissions, and their impacts from ocean biogeochemistry, meteorology and sea ice cycles. The project will also support a postdoctoral early-career researcher, and a specific effort of this project is STEM education and public outreach activities. The research team will extend opportunities to high school and undergraduate students so they may gain experience in the coupled ocean and atmospheric sciences, including exposure to and experience in programming and modeling.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

一类小分子、寿命极短的物质(VSLS；例如CHBr3、CH2Br2和CH3I)是气候系统的重要组成部分，它们在气候系统中充当对流层臭氧破坏者，如关于消耗臭氧层物质的多边环境蒙特利尔议定书所述。南大洋是气候系统的一个重要组成部分，在其他全球生物地球化学循环中具有重要作用。该项目将使用NSF/NCAR社区地球系统模式(CESM)和最新开发的在线海-气交换框架，评估对南大洋和南半球VSLS海洋源的生物地球化学控制。将使用一种机器学习方法将海洋生物地球化学与这些化合物的海-气交换结合起来。将利用各种海洋和大气观测资料来评估一项独特的海洋极地观测系统清单。特别是，最近的虎鲸实地活动提供了一个独特的机会，以审查南大洋极地小行星的排放及其对海洋生物地球化学、气象学和海冰循环的影响。该项目还将支持一名博士后早期职业研究人员，该项目的一项具体努力是STEM教育和公共外联活动。研究团队将向高中生和本科生提供机会，以便他们可以在海洋和大气科学的结合方面获得经验，包括接触编程和建模方面的经验。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。