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RAPID: Examining the Innovative Ecosystem During the COVID-19 Pandemic

RAPID：检查 COVID-19 大流行期间的创新生态系统

基本信息

批准号：
2032914
负责人：
Lauren Lanahan
金额：
$ 20万
依托单位：
University of Oregon Eugene
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-08-15 至 2022-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2032914&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RAPID Examining Innovative Ecosystem During

项目摘要

The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic not only threatens the health and safety of communities but also the operation and survival of firms and industries that provide essential products and services to the innovative ecosystem. This crisis has hit small businesses (firms with fewer than 500 employees) particularly hard. Obtaining access to emergency financial resources such as the Paycheck Protection Program and forgivable loans offered by federal and state government agencies remains extremely difficult for many U.S. small firms. This holds especially for firms owned by members of underrepresented groups that include minorities, women, and veterans. This project has two primary aims in tracking the different types of small high-tech firms. First, we aim to understand the unique challenges and opportunities that small high-tech firms face in adapting to this unexpected shift and in introducing innovations designed to combat COVID-19. Second, we aim to evaluate state and federal responses to the pandemic by estimating their impacts on the activity of small high-tech firms that drive U.S. innovation. We plan to construct a comprehensive and scalable nationwide database that tracks U.S. small high-tech firms that are current or potential suppliers of critical public heath technologies related to pandemic response. We will make this database publicly available to accelerate broad systematic research. Our results will include detailed insights on the impacts of the pandemic on small business performance. Moreover, the resulting public databases and interactive dashboard will enable policymakers and businesses to identify new opportunities to empower small high-tech firms to grow and supply much needed expertise and resources during the pandemic. We examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the U.S. innovative ecosystem. We focus on small high-tech firms (with fewer than 500 employees), including firms owned by members of underrepresented groups (minorities, women, and veterans). Small firms are potential sources of innovation in combating COVID-19, but remain especially vulnerable to the unprecedented health, social, and economic risks arising from this pandemic. We have two primary research aims. First, we seek to characterize changes in the landscape of small high-tech firms resulting from the ongoing pandemic and policy responses. We will build a comprehensive, interactive database to capture shifts in the spatial and temporal patterns of the innovation ecosystem. Second, we seek to use this database for econometric analysis to evaluate the differential impact of state and federal pandemic policies on the performance of small high-tech firms. Specific deliverables include: (i) detailed descriptive statistics characterizing changes in concentrations of business activity in different sectors with geographic precision; (ii) a public dashboard with an interactive map for visualizing changes in the innovative ecosystem at state- and sector-levels; (iii) a public data repository providing access to all aggregated data files used to create our visualization tool; and (iv) econometric models exploiting variation in state policies to determine the causal impacts of these policies on small firms. Our intended broader impact is a clearer picture of which areas of the innovative ecosystem are most susceptible to the effects of COVID-19. We will identify firm-level characteristics that indicate which firms are most and least resilient, as well as those best positioned to assist with government countermeasures against the pandemic. This will illuminate priorities for public and private sector efforts to rebuild innovative activity and allocate support resources more effectively.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

2019冠状病毒病大流行的爆发不仅威胁到社区的健康和安全，也威胁到为创新生态系统提供基本产品和服务的企业和行业的运营和生存。这场危机对小企业（雇员少于500人的公司）的打击尤其严重。对于许多美国小企业来说，获得诸如工资保护计划和联邦和州政府机构提供的可免除贷款等紧急财政资源仍然极其困难。这一点尤其适用于由少数族裔、女性和退伍军人等代表性不足群体成员所拥有的公司。该项目在跟踪不同类型的小型高科技公司方面有两个主要目的。首先，我们的目标是了解小型高科技公司在适应这一意想不到的转变和引入旨在抗击COVID-19的创新方面面临的独特挑战和机遇。其次，我们的目标是通过评估对推动美国创新的小型高科技公司活动的影响来评估州和联邦对疫情的反应。我们计划建立一个全面的、可扩展的全国性数据库，跟踪目前或潜在提供与大流行应对相关的关键公共卫生技术的美国小型高科技公司。我们将公开这个数据库，以加速广泛的系统研究。我们的结果将包括疫情对小企业业绩影响的详细见解。此外，由此产生的公共数据库和交互式仪表板将使决策者和企业能够发现新的机会，使小型高科技公司能够在大流行期间发展壮大，并提供急需的专门知识和资源。我们研究了COVID-19大流行对美国创新生态系统的影响。我们专注于小型高科技公司（员工少于500人），包括由代表性不足的群体（少数民族、女性和退伍军人）拥有的公司。小型企业是抗击COVID-19的潜在创新来源，但在本次大流行带来的前所未有的健康、社会和经济风险面前，它们仍然特别脆弱。我们有两个主要的研究目标。首先，我们试图描述由于当前的大流行病和政策对策而给小型高科技公司带来的变化。我们将建立一个全面的交互式数据库，以捕捉创新生态系统的时空格局变化。其次，我们试图使用该数据库进行计量经济学分析，以评估州和联邦流行病政策对小型高科技公司绩效的不同影响。具体可交付成果包括：(i)详细的描述性统计数据，以精确的地理位置描述不同部门商业活动集中度的变化；（ii）一个带有交互式地图的公共仪表板，用于可视化国家和部门层面创新生态系统的变化；（iii）提供访问用于创建我们可视化工具的所有汇总数据文件的公共数据存储库；（iv）利用国家政策的变化来确定这些政策对小企业的因果影响的计量经济模型。我们预期的更广泛影响是更清楚地了解创新生态系统的哪些领域最容易受到COVID-19的影响。我们将确定公司层面的特征，这些特征表明哪些公司最具弹性，哪些公司最不具弹性，以及哪些公司最有能力协助政府采取应对大流行的措施。这将阐明公共和私营部门努力重建创新活动和更有效地分配支助资源的优先事项。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。