RAPID: Monitoring hydrochemical effects of the 6.5 Monte Cristo Range Earthquake on groundwater systems in the Columbus Salt Marsh (central NV) and vicinity

RAPID：监测 6.5 级基督山山脉地震对哥伦布盐沼（内华达州中部）及附近地区地下水系统的水化学影响

• 批准号: 2038474
• 负责人: Paula Noble
• 金额: $ 3.75万
• 依托单位: Board of Regents, NSHE, obo University of Nevada, Reno
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-15 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2038474&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Monitoring; hydrochemical; effects; 6.5

Earthquakes can have both immediate and long-term effects on wells and springs fed by groundwater, including changes to water quality and flow rate. Chemical properties, measured as water quality parameters, are influenced by where the waters originate, and by how it interacts with rocks and minerals in the aquifer. In the arid west, many rural communities depend on groundwater exclusively, and it is important to understand potential threats to groundwater quality and spring flow that earthquakes may pose. In Nevada, a 6.5 magnitude earthquake occurred on May 15th, 2020 near Tonopah, a rural part of state known to have active faults with recurrent earthquakes. This event is the largest to have occurred in Nevada in over 60 years and was felt across more than 120,000 square miles with roughly 7000 aftershocks. The research team will continue a preliminary sampling campaign to determine water quality and water flow rate from wells and springs close to the epicenter. The team will continue to monitor and sample these sites over the next year to look for any temporary or more lasting earthquake-related effects to flow and water quality. This study will provide valuable information to understand how earthquakes affects groundwater in desert regions, especially when reconnecting water supplies, and understanding what the health risks may be of using undamaged wells after major earthquakes. This project will also train one student in field sampling and laboratory chemical analysis. This project seeks to determine the hydrochemical effects of the May 15, 2020 Mw 6.5 Monte Cristo Earthquake (NV) on groundwater resources within a 30km of the epicenter. A year-long monitoring program will be used to assess the seismic response and decay of that signal over time, focusing on changes in elemental and stable isotope chemistry, and flow rate of artesian wells. This earthquake provides a great opportunity to investigate the linkages between crustal processes and groundwater systems across distinct hydrographic basins in an active seismic zone, the Walker Lane, along the eastern side of the Sierra Nevada mountains. This study is important for community water supplies after earthquakes and has not been done in Nevada before. Much of rural Nevada relies on groundwater, including residential private wells and municipal wells. The monitoring program has engaged community members and increased local awareness of seismic hazards affecting well water and will continue to involve community members and train university students in the sampling effort.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

地震会对地下水源的水井和泉水产生直接和长期的影响，包括水质和流量的变化。作为水质参数测量的化学性质受到水的来源地以及水与含水层中的岩石和矿物质相互作用的影响。 在干旱的西部地区，许多农村社区完全依赖地下水，了解地震可能对地下水质量和泉水流量造成的潜在威胁非常重要。内华达州托诺帕附近于 2020 年 5 月 15 日发生了 6.5 级地震，托诺帕是该州的一个农村地区，因活动断层频繁发生地震而闻名。这次事件是内华达州 60 多年来发生的最严重的一次，震感范围超过 120,000 平方英里，并发生了大约 7000 次余震。研究小组将继续进行初步采样活动，以确定震中附近的井和泉水的水质和水流量。该团队将在明年继续对这些地点进行监测和采样，以寻找与地震相关的对流量和水质的暂时或更持久的影响。这项研究将提供有价值的信息，以了解地震如何影响沙漠地区的地下水，特别是在重新连接供水时，并了解大地震后使用未损坏的水井可能存在的健康风险。 该项目还将培训一名学生进行现场采样和实验室化学分析。 该项目旨在确定 2020 年 5 月 15 日发生的 6.5 级基督山地震 (NV) 对震中 30 公里范围内地下水资源的水化学影响。为期一年的监测计划将用于评估地震响应和信号随时间的衰减，重点关注元素和稳定同位素化学以及自流井流量的变化。这次地震提供了一个很好的机会来研究内华达山脉东侧活跃地震带沃克巷内不同水文盆地的地壳过程和地下水系统之间的联系。这项研究对于地震后的社区供水非常重要，之前内华达州从未进行过这项研究。内华达州大部分农村地区依赖地下水，包括住宅私人水井和市政水井。 该监测计划吸引了社区成员的参与，提高了当地对影响井水的地震灾害的认识，并将继续让社区成员参与并培训大学生参与采样工作。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Hydrochemical response of groundwater sites in the Columbus Marsh, Fish Lake and Soda Spring Valleys to the May 15- December 1, 2020, Monte Cristo Range Earthquake sequence Mineral and Esmeralda counties, NV

哥伦布沼泽、菲什湖和苏打泉谷地下水位对 2020 年 5 月 15 日至 12 月 1 日基督山山脉地震序列矿产县和埃斯梅拉达县的水化学响应

• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Abstracts with programs Geological Society of America
• 作者: Noble, P.

Testing the waters in Italy Identifying co-seismic groundwater changes

在意大利试水识别同震地下水变化

• DOI: 10.32907/ro-126-1776483352
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Research Outreach
• 作者: Binda, G