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Collaborative Research: Multi-Parameter Geophysical Constraints on Volcano Dynamics of Mt. Erebus and Ross Island, Antarctica

合作研究：南极埃里伯斯山和罗斯岛火山动力学的多参数地球物理约束

基本信息

批准号：
2039432
负责人：
Ronni Grapenthin
金额：
$ 15.09万
依托单位：
University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-06-15 至 2021-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2039432&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Multi Parameter Geophysical

项目摘要

Nontechnical AbstractMount Erebus volcano on Ross Island, Antarctica, is the southernmost active volcano on the planet. It provides a natural laboratory to study a volcanic system that has been in a continuous state of activity with a persistent lava lake over at least the last 40 years. Worldwide only four other volcanoes with such long-lived lava lakes exist: Erta Ale, Ethiopia; Kilauea, Hawaii; Nyiragongo, Congo; and Ambrym, Vanuatu. These volcanoes are a rare anomaly that provide a window into the underlying magmatic system and behavior. Erebus is of particular interest as it cycles through phases of very explosive activity every 20 thousand years. This project will investigate interactions between the magmatic system, the rift it is located in, and the impact of the gravitational load the volcano imposes on the underlying crust and its own magmatic system. Possible interactions between these factors may explain the changes in activity. The project will analyze geophysical data that have been collected at Erebus over at least the last two decades. The results of this work will be available to the public and scientific community and inform geodynamic models in this region. The project funds an early-career scientist and a graduate student at New Mexico Tech and contributes to the development of the next generation of scientists.Technical AbstractThe proposed work targets scientific questions recently formulated by the community during the 2016 NSF-sponsored Scientific Drivers and Future of Mount Erebus Volcano Observatory workshop. The location and geometry of the magmatic plumbing from vent to lower crust system remain poorly constrained, particularly below 1 km depth. The style and causes for changes in volcanic and magmatic activity over the short term (minutes to hours) and on the decadal scale remains enigmatic. Two decades of campaign and continuous GPS data on Ross Island will inform about the longer term dynamics of both, Ross Island growing within the Terror Rift, and Erebus? deeper magmatic system. This project will organize and analyze all existing GPS data for Ross Island, and interpret any anomalies in the resulting time series. These activities require organization, consistent processing and interpretation/modeling of the existing ~20 years of GPS data, which include campaign, continuous, and high-rate GPS observations. We will generate these position time series in a consistent local reference frame and make the results, including models of transient deformation available to the community. Volcanic, tectonic and isostatic adjustment related deformation will be modeled to place Erebus in a broad volcano-tectonic framework of West Antarctica. During the data analysis phase, the utility of existing GPS data for reflection studies of snow and sea-level dynamics will also be evaluated.

非技术摘要南极洲罗斯岛的埃里伯斯火山是地球上最南端的活火山。它提供了一个天然实验室来研究至少在过去 40 年里一直处于持续活动状态的火山系统，并有一个持续存在的熔岩湖。世界上只有四座火山拥有如此长寿的熔岩湖：埃塞俄比亚的尔塔阿雷火山；夏威夷基拉韦厄；刚果尼拉贡戈；和瓦努阿图安布里姆。这些火山是一种罕见的异常现象，为了解底层岩浆系统和行为提供了一个窗口。埃瑞伯斯特别令人感兴趣，因为它每 2 万年就会经历一次爆炸性活动的阶段。该项目将研究岩浆系统、其所在裂谷之间的相互作用，以及火山对地壳及其自身岩浆系统施加的重力载荷的影响。这些因素之间可能存在的相互作用可以解释活动的变化。该项目将分析至少过去二十年在埃里伯斯收集的地球物理数据。这项工作的结果将提供给公众和科学界，并为该地区的地球动力学模型提供信息。该项目为新墨西哥理工学院的一名职业生涯早期科学家和一名研究生提供资助，并为下一代科学家的发展做出贡献。技术摘要这项拟议工作针对社区在 2016 年 NSF 赞助的科学驱动因素和埃里伯斯火山观测站的未来研讨会期间最近提出的科学问题。从喷口到下地壳系统的岩浆管道的位置和几何形状仍然受到很少的限制，特别是在 1 公里深度以下。短期（几分钟到几小时）和十年尺度上火山和岩浆活动变化的类型和原因仍然是个谜。罗斯岛二十年的活动和连续的 GPS 数据将揭示罗斯岛在恐怖裂谷内生长和埃里伯斯岛的长期动态。更深的岩浆系统。该项目将组织和分析罗斯岛所有现有的 GPS 数据，并解释所得时间序列中的任何异常情况。这些活动需要对现有约 20 年的 GPS 数据进行组织、一致的处理和解释/建模，其中包括活动、连续和高速率的 GPS 观测。我们将在一致的局部参考系中生成这些位置时间序列，并将结果（包括瞬态变形模型）提供给社区。将对火山、构造和均衡调整相关的变形进行建模，将埃里伯斯置于西南极洲广阔的火山构造框架中。在数据分析阶段，还将评估现有 GPS 数据在雪和海平面动态反射研究中的效用。