EAGER: Collaborative Research: Shallow Cased Drilling Capabilities in Extreme Environments

EAGER：合作研究：极端环境下的浅层套管钻井能力

• 批准号: 2041965
• 负责人: Kent Anderson
• 金额: $ 12.87万
• 依托单位: Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-10-01 至 2024-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2041965&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Collaborative; Research; Shallow; Cased

Non-Technical AbstractSeismology is the study of vibrations in the earth that result from earthquakes, volcanoes, and many other seismic sources. To better understand these vibrations, seismologists install highly sensitive equipment (seismometers) in carefully controlled environments to record the smallest possible signals providing higher quality data to analyze. Like listening to music on a bad set of speakers can remove the nuances of the particular song, seismometers in noisy installations cannot detect the nuances of say signals from a volcano. As these experiments move closer to the actual source (volcano) the environment gets more difficult to control, resulting in noisier data and less signal. Therefore, seismologists strive to improve the installations of seismometers in these difficult locations to improve the data recorded, and thus, improve the understanding of how, in this case a volcano, works and how better to understand the risks it poses. This project will seek to vastly improve seismometer installations in very extreme environments by developing a small, helicopter-portable drilling rig that can be flown to very high altitudes and be operated in very low temperatures. The target for the testing of this new drilling capability will be at the summit of Mt Erebus, Antarctica the southernmost active volcano on Earth and one that is less than 25 miles from the United States largest research base in Antarctica McMurdo Station. At the conclusion of this project, the researchers will have the capability to install high quality, posthole-style seismometers anywhere in the world in nearly any environment.Technical AbstractThis project consists of the development and proof-of-concept demonstration of new technology to install posthole-style seismic sensors in varied rock conditions at high altitude (above 3,000 m) and extremely cold locations, such as high volcanoes and/or mountain/polar regions. In particular, we propose to develop a helicopter-portable drilling system that can drill up to 15.25 cm cased and grouted, vertical postholes suitable for high-performance broadband seismic sensors or other instrumentation. A full demonstration of this capability is proposed by drilling five sites near the summit of Mt Erebus volcano and three sites around the perimeter of Ross Island, Antarctica to facilitate the installation of a new Erebus seismic and infrasound network. The capabilities developed under this award will be useful to geophysical and more general Earth science investigations in other areas and regions. The portability of the system combined with its ability to operate in extreme environments ensures that it will be more than suitable for operating in diverse conditions world-wide. This capability will enable collection of new types of and higher quality data, for scientific advancement. By engaging a broad and experienced team in the design phase, we expect to benefit from collective expertise and knowledge sharing and ensure that the designs and solutions we develop are effectively implemented in the final product that will broadly benefit the Earth science community.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

地震学是一门研究地震、火山和许多其他地震源引起的地球振动的学科。 为了更好地了解这些振动，地震学家在精心控制的环境中安装高灵敏度的设备（地震仪），以记录尽可能小的信号，提供更高质量的数据进行分析。 就像用一套坏的扬声器听音乐可以消除特定歌曲的细微差别一样，安装在嘈杂装置中的地震仪无法检测到火山信号的细微差别。 随着这些实验越来越接近实际的源（火山），环境变得越来越难以控制，导致噪音更大的数据和更少的信号。 因此，地震学家努力改进这些困难地点的地震仪安装，以改善记录的数据，从而提高对火山如何运作的理解，以及如何更好地了解火山带来的风险。该项目将寻求通过开发一种小型便携式钻机来大大改善极端环境下的地震仪安装，该钻机可以飞到非常高的高度并在非常低的温度下操作。测试这一新的钻探能力的目标将是南极洲埃里伯斯山的山顶，埃里伯斯山是地球上最南端的活火山，距离美国在南极洲的最大研究基地麦默多站不到25英里。 在该项目结束时，研究人员将有能力在世界任何地方几乎任何环境中安装高质量的支柱式地震仪。技术摘要该项目包括在高海拔的各种岩石条件下安装支柱式地震传感器的新技术的开发和概念验证演示（海拔3，000米以上）和极寒地区，如高火山和/或山区/极地。特别是，我们建议开发一种便携式钻井系统，可以钻到15.25厘米的套管和灌浆，垂直柱孔适合高性能宽带地震传感器或其他仪器。为了充分展示这一能力，提议在南极洲埃里伯斯火山山顶附近的五个地点和罗斯岛周边的三个地点进行钻探，以便利安装新的埃里伯斯地震和次声网络。在该奖项下开发的能力将有助于其他地区和区域的地球物理和更一般的地球科学调查。该系统的便携性与其在极端环境中运行的能力相结合，确保它将更加适合在世界各地的各种条件下运行。这一能力将有助于收集新型和更高质量的数据，促进科学进步。通过在设计阶段聘请一个广泛而经验丰富的团队，我们希望从集体专业知识和知识共享中受益，并确保我们开发的设计和解决方案在最终产品中得到有效实施，从而广泛造福地球科学界。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查进行评估，被认为值得支持的搜索.