SCC-CIVIC-PG Track A: Building Neighborhood Density, Mobility, and Affordability Through Regulatory Reform: An Action Plan for Newark, NJ

SCC-CIVIC-PG 轨道 A：通过监管改革提高社区密度、流动性和可负担性：新泽西州纽瓦克的行动计划

• 批准号: 2043955
• 负责人: Shlomo Angel
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-01-15 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2043955&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SCC; CIVIC; PG; Track; Building

This project will study the population density in Newark, NJ, with a specific focus on the relationship between regulations and zoning, and the amount of housing in neighborhoods that are well-served by transit. Newark, NJ is a medium-sized city located in the New York metropolitan area, only 25 minutes from the center of Manhattan. It is a low-income city with many residents who struggle to access transportation, jobs, and affordable housing. As housing in the New York area has become increasingly scarce, residents in Newark are increasingly concerned that this new development will lead to their displacement. The city is now engaged in a highly consultative revision of its 10-year master-plan, which offers an opportunity to address issues, including regulatory and zoning limitations that prevent densification and make new housing unaffordable. This project aims to support that process by empowering residents and policymakers with data and a new decision-making tool that will help identify participatory and effective approaches to increase the supply of housing and improve housing affordability through the master plan revision process. A newly developed methodology for the measurement of ‘factors’ of population density will be used to create a decision-making tool and generate associated data; these factors include building height, plot coverage, the share of land in residential use, the occupancy rate, living area density, and floor-plan efficiency. The key advantage of measuring these factors from a policy perspective is that zoning and building regulations determine the maximum values for many of them. Earlier work approached density as a horizontal measure, a strategy which furnished useful information but was disconnected from policy. The factoring approach has clear policy implications for increasing the supply of housing. The quantification of these factors uses satellite imagery to measure residential buildings, field information to measure the occupancy rate, and a regulatory audit to associate each of the factors with actual policies, enabling a truly detailed set of policy recommendations to emerge. The goal of this research is to model the factors of density and their relationship to regulations, providing data on the ways in which different regulatory changes might impact the supply of residential floor-space. This project is in response to the Civic Innovation Challenge program, Track A— Communities and Mobility: Offering Better Mobility Options to Solve the Spatial Mismatch Between Housing Affordability and Jobs—and is a collaboration between NSF and the Department of Energy.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目将研究新泽西州纽瓦克的人口密度，特别关注法规和分区之间的关系，以及交通便利的社区的住房数量。新泽西州纽瓦克是位于纽约大都市区的一座中等城市，距曼哈顿市中心仅 25 分钟路程。这是一个低收入城市，许多居民难以获得交通、工作和经济适用住房。随着纽约地区的住房日益稀缺，纽瓦克的居民越来越担心这一新开发项目将导致他们流离失所。该市目前正在对其十年总体规划进行高度协商的修订，这提供了一个解决问题的机会，包括阻碍人口密集化和导致新住房负担不起的监管和分区限制。该项目旨在通过为居民和政策制定者提供数据和新的决策工具来支持这一进程，该工具将有助于确定参与性和有效的方法，以通过总体规划修订过程增加住房供应并提高住房负担能力。新开发的测量人口密度“因素”的方法将用于创建决策工具并生成相关数据；这些因素包括建筑高度、地块覆盖率、住宅用地比例、入住率、居住区密度和平面图效率。从政策角度衡量这些因素的主要优点是分区和建筑法规决定了其中许多因素的最大值。早期的工作将密度作为一种横向衡量标准，这种策略提供了有用的信息，但与政策脱节。保理方法对于增加住房供应具有明显的政策含义。这些因素的量化使用卫星图像来测量住宅建筑，使用现场信息来测量入住率，并通过监管审计将每个因素与实际政策联系起来，从而形成一套真正详细的政策建议。本研究的目的是对密度因素及其与法规的关系进行建模，提供有关不同法规变化可能影响住宅建筑面积供应的方式的数据。该项目是为了响应公民创新挑战计划，轨道 A——社区和流动性：提供更好的流动性选择来解决住房负担能力和就业之间的空间不匹配问题，并且是 NSF 和能源部之间的合作。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。