CAREER: An Evolutionary Framework for the Molecular Fossil Record
职业:分子化石记录的进化框架
基本信息
- 批准号:2044871
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 77.91万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Continuing Grant
- 财政年份:2021
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2021-09-01 至 2026-08-31
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Living things produce chemical compounds that cannot be produced from non-living matter. Some of these compounds get preserved in rocks and provide “biosignatures” for organisms that lived in the past. The study of these biosignatures is valuable for natural resource exploration, identifying sources of pollution, reconstructing the history of life on Earth, and even when looking for signs of life on Mars. While scientists are very good at identifying the biosignatures contained in rocks, there is a lot of disagreement when it comes to determining what sort of organism made each compound. This project uses the latest tools in genetics to identify what living organisms have the genes necessary to make various biosignatures, and when in the past their ancestors gained that ability. Outreach components of this project involve developing courses to train young geologists to use these genetic tools for their own research, as well as a mentoring program for American Indian scholars.This project focuses on steranes, a geochemical biosignature produced from the sterols found in the cell membranes of eukaryotes. This project combines comparative genomics and molecular clock analyses to determine when the genes required for sterol biosynthesis evolved, and which groups had the relevant genes through geologic time. These tools will be leveraged to reevaluate recent high-profile studies in sterane research, including whether the ~560 million-year-old fossil Dickinsonia represents an early animal, whether ~630 million-year-old 24-isopropylcholestanes provide a biomarker for the first sea sponges, and whether unusual ~1.6 billion-year-old steranes came from eukaryote or bacterial sources. Broader impacts include a short course in computational phylogenetics for young geoscientists, which will be taught annually at Caltech’s International Geobiology Course. An additional program targets American Indian community college students around Lake County, California. Through established connections we will recruit promising students for summer research and professionalization at the UC Davis Bodega Marine Laboratory.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
生物能产生非生物物质不能产生的化合物。其中一些化合物被保存在岩石中,为过去的生物提供了“生物特征”。这些生物特征的研究对于自然资源勘探,确定污染源,重建地球上生命的历史,甚至寻找火星上的生命迹象都很有价值。虽然科学家们非常擅长识别岩石中所含的生物特征,但在确定每种化合物是由哪种生物体产生时,存在很多分歧。该项目使用遗传学的最新工具来确定哪些生物体具有制造各种生物特征所需的基因,以及它们的祖先在过去何时获得了这种能力。该项目的外联部分包括开发课程,培训年轻地质学家使用这些遗传工具进行自己的研究,以及为美洲印第安学者提供指导方案,该项目侧重于甾烷,这是一种由真核生物细胞膜中发现的甾醇产生的地球化学生物特征。该项目结合了比较基因组学和分子钟分析,以确定甾醇生物合成所需的基因何时进化,以及哪些群体在地质时期拥有相关基因。这些工具将被用来重新评估最近在甾烷研究中备受瞩目的研究,包括约5.6亿年前的化石Dickinsonia是否代表早期动物,约6.3亿年前的24-异丙基胆甾烷是否为第一代海绵提供生物标志物,以及不寻常的约16亿年前的甾烷是否来自真核生物或细菌来源。更广泛的影响包括为年轻地球科学家开设的计算遗传学短期课程,该课程将每年在加州理工学院的国际地球生物学课程中教授。另一个项目针对加州莱克县附近的美国印第安社区大学学生。通过建立联系,我们将招募有前途的学生在加州大学戴维斯分校博德加海洋实验室进行夏季研究和专业化。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(1)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Lipid biomarkers: molecular tools for illuminating the history of microbial life
脂质生物标志物:阐明微生物生命史的分子工具
- DOI:10.1038/s41579-021-00636-2
- 发表时间:2022
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:88.1
- 作者:Summons, Roger E.;Welander, Paula V.;Gold, David A.
- 通讯作者:Gold, David A.
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David Gold其他文献
FRACTION-RCC: Innovative, high-throughput assessment of nivolumab + ipilimumab for treatment-refractory advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC).
FRACTION-RCC:纳武单抗伊匹单抗治疗难治性晚期肾细胞癌 (aRCC) 的创新、高通量评估。
- DOI:
10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.5007 - 发表时间:
2020 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
T. Choueiri;H. Kluger;S. George;S. Tykodi;T. Kuzel;R. Perets;S. Nair;G. Procopio;M. Carducci;V. Castonguay;E. Folefac;Chung;S. Hotte;W. Miller;S. S. Saggi;David Gold;R. Motzer;B. Escudier - 通讯作者:
B. Escudier
Inference for high-dimensional nested regression
高维嵌套回归的推理
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2017 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
David Gold;Johannes Lederer;Jing Tao - 通讯作者:
Jing Tao
Optimization of Access-Port Placement for the Lap-Band® System
- DOI:
10.1381/096089203322618759 - 发表时间:
2003-12-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.100
- 作者:
Hadar Spivak;David Gold;Carlos Guerrero - 通讯作者:
Carlos Guerrero
Chemical and immunological differences between normal and tumoral colonic mucoprotein antigen
正常和肿瘤结肠粘蛋白抗原之间的化学和免疫学差异
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
1975 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:64.8
- 作者:
David Gold;F. Miller - 通讯作者:
F. Miller
Extended U.S. Tornado Outbreak During Late May 2019: A Forecast of Opportunity
2019 年 5 月下旬美国龙卷风爆发范围扩大:机遇预测
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2019 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.2
- 作者:
Vittorio A. Gensini;David Gold;J. Allen;B. Barrett - 通讯作者:
B. Barrett
David Gold的其他文献
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