CAREER: Multiphase Oxidation and Fate of Pesticides in Dry and Wet Deposition

职业：干湿沉积中农药的多相氧化和归宿

• 批准号: 2045025
• 负责人: Jennifer Faust
• 金额: $ 64.12万
• 依托单位: College of Wooster
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-01 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2045025&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Multiphase; Oxidation; Fate; Pesticides

Pesticides are introduced into the environment deliberately through their application to cops. Once applied, pesticides can enter the atmosphere where they react on aerosol particles and eventually deposit back to surfaces that may be far removed from their point of application. Little is known, however, about the chemical reactions that pesticides undergo on these particles while suspended and how these processes impact their spatial distribution. In this CAREER award, the PI intends to integrate laboratory and field studies to increase understanding of pesticide oxidation reactions on particles and their deposition. State-of-the-art instrumentation is used to characterize reactants and products as well as components in field samples. Numerous undergraduate students will be involved at every level of this research and play a significant role in mentoring students from diverse high schools thus contributing to the development of a well-prepared STEM workforce. Objectives of the research focus on increasing current understanding of the atmospheric fate of pesticides, specifically through processes of (i) heterogeneous oxidation of pesticides adsorbed on aerosol particles and (ii) regional atmospheric transport and deposition. Rates and products of heterogeneous oxidation of pesticide films will be determined under controlled laboratory conditions, using advanced instrumentation, including Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC/QToF-MS). Regional transport and deposition will be determined through measurements performed at 4 sites in a regional network in Ohio, where herbicides are regularly used on corn and soybean fields. Air mass back trajectories and statistical testing of pesticide levels in samples across sites and seasons will aid in assessing whether local or regional sources dominate pesticide deposition. Findings will provide insight into whether pesticides and their degradation products cause poor air quality, health risks to humans and ecosystems, and crop damage in regions distant from pesticide application.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

杀虫剂是通过应用于警察而故意引入环境的。一旦施用，农药就可以进入大气，在那里它们与气溶胶颗粒发生反应，并最终存款回可能远离其施用点的表面。然而，人们对农药在悬浮时在这些颗粒上发生的化学反应以及这些过程如何影响其空间分布知之甚少。在这个职业奖，PI打算整合实验室和现场研究，以增加对颗粒及其沉积农药氧化反应的理解。最先进的仪器用于表征反应物和产物以及现场样品中的组分。许多本科生将参与这项研究的各个层面，并在指导来自不同高中的学生方面发挥重要作用，从而为培养一支准备充分的STEM队伍做出贡献。研究的目标侧重于提高目前对农药在大气中归宿的认识，特别是通过以下过程：（一）吸附在气溶胶颗粒上的农药的异相氧化;（二）区域大气迁移和沉积。将在受控的实验室条件下，使用先进的仪器，包括衰减全反射-傅里叶变换红外光谱法（ATR-FTIR）和液相色谱/四极杆飞行时间质谱法（LC/QToF-MS），确定农药薄膜的非均相氧化速率和产物。将通过在俄亥俄州区域网络的4个地点进行测量来确定区域迁移和沉积，该区域经常在玉米和大豆田上使用除草剂。空气质量的后向轨迹和对不同地点和季节的样本中农药水平的统计测试将有助于评估当地或区域来源是否主导农药沉积。调查结果将提供深入了解农药及其降解产物是否会导致空气质量差，对人类和生态系统的健康风险，以及远离农药应用地区的作物损害。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Suspect screening for pesticides in rain and snow using liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry

利用液相色谱高分辨质谱法筛查雨雪中农药疑似物

• DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119389
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Atmospheric Environment
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Gray, Rebekah;Painter, Eve;Sprankle, Jameson W.;Crawford, Alex D.;Morrison, Jillian J.;Frazier, Marian;Faust, Jennifer A.
• 通讯作者: Faust, Jennifer A.