Multiphase Chemistry and Atmospheric Particles: Reactive Species, Oxidation and Impacts

多相化学和大气颗粒：活性物质、氧化和影响

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-05972
• 负责人: Abbatt, Jonathan
• 金额: $ 9.03万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2018-01-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=643291
• 关键词: Multiphase; Chemistry; Atmospheric; Particles; Reactive

Although atmospheric particles are of crucial importance to both human health and global climate, their detailed chemistry in the atmosphere is not well characterized. In particular, once particles are formed, they are subject to atmospheric oxidative processes that may alter their composition and chemical properties. To place climate and air quality models on a firm fundamental foundation, the chemistry of these processes needs to be understood. And so, it is proposed to conduct a suite of novel laboratory experiments to provide a more complete view of the mechanisms of atmospheric aerosol oxidation and the potential impacts on the atmosphere.******Specific projects will assess: i) the rates and mechanisms by which the coloured components of aerosol (i.e. “brown carbon”) will be chemically altered in aerosol particles and clouds, ii) the role that oxidation plays in affecting the ability of particulates to act as the sites for ice cloud nucleation, iii) the formation rates of reactive oxygenated species in the particle, and iv) the rate of uptake of reactive radicals from the gas phase to the aerosol particle. This chemistry will have impacts on the composition, hygroscopicity, optical properties, and toxicity of ambient atmospheric aerosol. State of the art instrumentation will be used in this research program, in particular the use of both novel on-line and off-line mass spectrometric approaches. Along with collaborative opportunities, this will provide trainees with a background in advanced analytical methods. ******The overall impact of this research program will be to further develop our fundamental understanding of how anthropogenic activities are impacting our natural environment.**

尽管大气颗粒对人类健康和全球气候都至关重要，但它们在大气中的详细化学表征并未得到很好的特征。特别是，一旦形成颗粒，它们就会受到可能改变其组成和化学特性的大气氧化过程。要将气候和空气质量模型置于牢固的基础上，需要了解这些过程的化学反应。因此，提议进行一套新型实验室实验，以更完整地了解大气中的气雾剂氧化机制以及对大气的潜在影响。******特定的项目将评估：i i）速率和机制，使气溶胶的有色成分（即“棕色碳”在化学上都会变化，而构成了空气质量的构成，而构成了构成构成的构想，构成了构想的构想，构成了构想的构想，构成了构想的构想，构成了构想的构想，构成了遍布的构想，构成了遍布的构想，构成了构想的构想，构成了构想的构想，构成了构想的作用，构成了构想的作用，构成了构想的作用，构成了构想的作用。参与作为冰云成核的位点的能力，iii）粒子中活性氧化物种的形成速率，iv）反应性自由基从气相到气溶胶颗粒的吸收速率。这种化学将对环境气溶胶的组成，吸湿性，光学特性和毒性产生影响。该研究计划将使用最先进的仪器，特别是使用新颖的在线和离线质谱方法。除了协作机会外，这将为受训者提供高级分析方法的背景。 ****该研究计划的总体影响是进一步发展我们对人为活动如何影响我们自然环境的基本理解。**