CAREER: Peer-to-Peer Models and Mechanisms for the Next Generation of Transportation Systems

该学院早期职业发展（CAREER）资助将探索连通性和自主性可能塑造下一代交通系统的方式。这些技术突破为旅行者、车辆和交通基础设施之间的通信、互动和自动协商打开了大门，使许多创新应用能够从同行之间的互动中创造价值。该项目在几个新兴的点对点应用方面做出了理论和实践上的贡献，包括：1）共享多模式交通系统，其中按需共享移动系统可以与传统交通模式相结合（如公交）提供无缝的门到门移动解决方案; 2）排队，其中车辆运动的同步允许一组自动化车辆紧密靠近地一起行驶，从而提高燃料效率以及道路容量;以及3）电动车辆之间的车辆到车辆无线电力传输，其中电动车辆可以彼此配对以交换电力。从这笔赠款中产生的模型和算法可以彻底改变（不久的）未来智慧城市中人员和货物的移动方式，并提供更高效，负担得起，可持续和公平的移动选项。为了应对运营点对点系统中出现的挑战，该项目在算法设计领域提供了几个主要的智力贡献（数学规划和大规模优化）和机制设计（拍卖理论和经济学）。为了充分发挥智慧城市、自动化和互联交通系统的潜力，子系统的规划和优化不能再孤立地进行;相反，它们需要作为一个集成系统同时进行优化。为了解决新兴的大规模规划和动态匹配问题，以支持未来对等系统的实际操作，该NSF赠款解决了图论中的开放问题，并设计了一套新的专门方法（即利用对等系统的不同结构的分解和聚合/解聚方案）来有效地并根据需要快速地获得精确或有界解，这通常意味着实时。此外，该资助还设计了P2P系统中定价和资源交换的新型机制。这些机制将是单独合理的，激励兼容，预算平衡，并将解决交通系统的响应能力和吞吐量之间的潜在权衡，并缩小获得交通选项的公平差距。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

This Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) grant will explore the ways in which connectivity and autonomy may shape the next generation of transportation systems. These technological breakthroughs open doors for communication, interaction, and automated negotiation among travelers, vehicles, and the transportation infrastructure, enabling many innovative applications in which value is created from interactions among peers. This project contributes to both theory and practice in several emerging peer-to-peer applications, including: 1) Shared multi-modal transportation systems in which on-demand shared mobility systems can be integrated with traditional transportation modes (such as transit) to provide seamless door-to-door mobility solutions; 2) Platooning, wherein synchronization of vehicle motion allows a group of automated vehicles to travel together at close proximity, thereby increasing fuel efficiency as well as road capacity; and 3) Vehicle-to-vehicle wireless power transfer between electric vehicles, wherein electric vehicles may pair with one another to exchange electric power. The resulting models and algorithms from this grant can revolutionize the way people and goods move in smart cities of the (near) future, and offer more efficient, affordable, sustainable, and equitable mobility options.In response to challenges that arise in operationalizing peer-to-peer systems, this project offers several major intellectual contributions within the realms of algorithm design (mathematical programming and large-scale optimization) and mechanism design (auction theory and economics). To achieve the full potential of what smart cities, autonomy, and connected transportation systems have to offer, planning and optimization of sub-systems can no longer occur in isolation; instead, they need to be optimized simultaneously as one integrated system. To address the emerging massive-scale planning and dynamic matching problems that support the real-life operation of future peer-to-peer systems, this NSF grant tackles open problems in graph theory, and designs a suite of new specialized methods (namely decomposition and aggregation/disaggregation schemes that utilize the distinct structure of peer-to-peer systems) to obtain exact or bounded solutions efficiently and as quickly as needed, which often implies in real-time. In addition, this grant designs novel mechanisms for pricing and resource exchange in P2P systems. These mechanisms will be individually rational, incentive compatible, and budget balanced, and will resolve the potential trade-off between responsiveness and throughput in transportation systems, and to narrow down the equity gap in access to transportation options.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.