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Relating changes in fronto-parietal networks to changes in control over memory: A longitudinal, cognitive neuroscience approach to memory development in childhood

将额顶叶网络的变化与记忆控制的变化联系起来：儿童记忆发展的纵向认知神经科学方法

基本信息

批准号：
245407595
负责人：
Professorin Dr. Yana Fandakova
金额：
--
依托单位：
Department of Psychology
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Fellowships
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2012-12-31 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/245407595?language=en
关键词：
Relating changes fronto parietal networks

项目摘要

Early in childhood, children have difficulties remembering episodes from their past that are bound to specific times and places. This ability to remember, referred to as episodic memory, improves dramatically in middle childhood. These improvements have been linked to increased (a) control over memory encoding and retrieval (mnemonic control), (b) use of mnemonic strategies, and (c) knowledge and monitoring of ongoing thought processes (metacognition). However, little is known about which and how age-graded changes in brain structure support these three components. The present application primarily aims at a better understanding of the neural mechanisms that are related to increasing control over memory encoding and retrieval.Recent advances in structural magnetic resonance imaging have enabled researchers to study the developmental association between brain structure and episodic memory in humans by relating changes in gray and white matter to improvements in memory performance. Building on these advances, the proposed project pursues two major goals: (1) to longitudinally investigate the contributions of regional gray matter changes in prefrontal and parietal regions to the development of mnemonic control; (2) to examine how changes in structural connectivity within and between prefrontal and parietal regions contribute to developmental increases in mnemonic control. To attain these goals, longitudinal change in performance in 8- to 10-year-old children and adults will be assessed in an episodic memory task with varying demands on mnemonic control. This task will be complemented by additional measures to permit the investigation of mnemonic and metacognitive control development at the latent factor level. Measures of memory change will be related to changes in cortical thickness in frontal and parietal regions using structural equation modeling, as well as to changes in the structural connectivity of frontal and parietal regions using an explorative whole-brain mapping of anatomical correlations. The proposed research project is likely to further our understanding of structural brain changes underlying normal episodic memory development during middle childhood and adolescence. It would also foster the scientific career of the applicant in multiple ways. The two hosts, Simona Ghetti and Silvia Bunge, are international leaders in the field of memory development, and have successfully collaborated with each other on related issues. Working with Simona Ghetti would allow the applicant to learn more about psychological theories of memory development during childhood and the use of quasi-experimental designs in behavioral research. Working with Silvia Bunge would foster the expertise of the applicant in neuroscience methods, in general, and the contribution of prefrontal cortex maturation to mnemonic control, in particular. In addition, the proposed project would profit from the extant expertise of the applicant in structural equation modeling.

在童年早期，孩子们很难记住与特定时间和地点有关的过去事件。这种记忆能力，被称为情景记忆，在童年中期显着提高。这些改善与以下因素有关：（a）对记忆编码和提取的控制（记忆控制），（B）记忆策略的使用，以及（c）对正在进行的思维过程的了解和监测（元认知）。然而，人们对大脑结构的年龄变化以及如何支持这三个组成部分知之甚少。结构磁共振成像的最新进展使研究人员能够通过将灰色和白色物质的变化与记忆表现的改善相关联来研究人类大脑结构和情景记忆之间的发育关联。基于这些进展，拟议的项目追求两个主要目标：（1）纵向调查的区域灰质变化的前额叶和顶叶区域的记忆控制的发展的贡献;（2）检查如何在结构连接的变化，以及前额叶和顶叶区域之间有助于记忆控制的发展增长。为了实现这些目标，在8至10岁的儿童和成人的性能的纵向变化将在一个情景记忆任务与不同的记忆控制的要求进行评估。这项任务将辅之以额外的措施，允许在潜在因素水平上调查记忆和元认知控制的发展。记忆变化的测量将与使用结构方程模型的额叶和顶叶区域的皮质厚度的变化相关，以及使用解剖相关性的探索性全脑映射的额叶和顶叶区域的结构连接性的变化相关。拟议的研究项目可能会进一步加深我们对童年中期和青春期正常情景记忆发展背后的大脑结构变化的理解。它还将以多种方式促进申请人的科学事业。两位主持人Simona Ghetti和Silvia Bunge是内存开发领域的国际领导者，并在相关问题上成功合作。与Simona Ghetti合作将使申请人能够更多地了解童年记忆发展的心理学理论以及准实验设计在行为研究中的应用。与Silvia Bunge合作将培养申请人在神经科学方法方面的专业知识，特别是前额叶皮层成熟对记忆控制的贡献。此外，拟议项目将受益于申请人在结构方程建模方面的现有专门知识。