CAREER: Linking canopy structure and function in plant water-use economy

职业：将植物用水经济中的冠层结构和功能联系起来

• 批准号: 2047628
• 负责人: Brian Bailey
• 金额: $ 66.06万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-01 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2047628&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Linking; canopy; structure; function

Rapidly changing climatic and socioeconomic conditions have necessitated a need for improved quantitative description and prediction of the associated response of plant system productivity. Current and predicted climatic conditions are characterized by increased magnitude or variability in heat and drought, which has the potential to threaten the productivity of natural and agricultural plant systems. Sustaining the steadily growing human population will require corresponding increases in the efficiency of agricultural systems. The overarching aim of this work is to better understand how light availability, plant architecture, and leaf surface temperature interact to determine the efficiency of plant systems with respect to input resources. In order to examine such processes, novel experimental and analytical techniques will be used that allow for measurement and prediction of interactions between plant structure and function in three dimensions. Educational activities associated with this project will produce a novel model/data visualization tool that will help to educate the next generation of plant scientists through outreach activities. New three-dimensional plant modeling software will be developed that will allow students to explore scientific questions related to plant-environment interactions in an immersive virtual environment. This project will engage and mentor students at the high-school, undergraduate, and graduate levels, and provide interdisciplinary training that spans the biological, engineering, and computer sciences. The water-related costs associated with CO2 uptake for photosynthesis are managed by plants in the short-term by varying the aperture of stomatal pores in response to environmental conditions to avoid excessive water loss and can also be augmented in the long-term by varying canopy architecture (e.g., leaf angle and area distributions) and underlying physiological function. A complete mechanistic theoretical basis that describes how plants simultaneously control stomatal aperture, canopy architecture, and physiological parameters in order to maximize carbon gain with respect to water loss has remained elusive, and represents a significant knowledge gap that has inhibited efforts to quantitatively describe plant responses to drought stress, and ultimately to predict plant responses to future climate scenarios characterized by elevated temperatures and precipitation variability. This project proposes to advance research and education in plant water-use efficiency by fusing novel experimental, modeling, and visualization techniques to better understand the roles of simultaneous variation in light, temperature, and canopy architecture in optimization of gas exchange by plants across spatial and temporal scales. Experimental research will span leaf to whole-plant scales, and from a controlled environment to natural landscapes that traverse a gradient in temperature and precipitation. High-fidelity functional-structural plant models will be used to facilitate theoretical analyses that complement experimental data.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

快速变化的气候和社会经济条件需要改善的定量描述和预测的相关响应植物系统的生产力。目前和预测的气候条件的特点是炎热和干旱的程度或变化增加，这有可能威胁到自然和农业植物系统的生产力。维持人口的稳定增长需要相应提高农业系统的效率。这项工作的首要目标是更好地了解光的可用性，植物结构和叶表面温度如何相互作用，以确定植物系统的效率相对于输入资源。为了研究这些过程，将使用新的实验和分析技术，允许测量和预测三维植物结构和功能之间的相互作用。与该项目相关的教育活动将产生一个新的模型/数据可视化工具，这将有助于通过推广活动教育下一代植物科学家。将开发新的三维植物建模软件，使学生能够在沉浸式虚拟环境中探索与植物-环境相互作用相关的科学问题。该项目将在高中，本科和研究生阶段吸引和指导学生，并提供跨学科的培训，涵盖生物，工程和计算机科学。与光合作用的CO2吸收相关的水相关成本由植物在短期内通过响应于环境条件改变气孔的孔径来管理，以避免过度的水分损失，并且还可以通过改变冠层结构（例如，叶角和面积分布）和潜在的生理功能。一个完整的机械理论基础，描述植物如何同时控制气孔开度，冠层结构和生理参数，以最大限度地增加碳与水分损失仍然难以捉摸，并代表了一个显着的知识差距，抑制了定量描述植物对干旱胁迫的反应，并最终预测植物对未来以温度升高和降水变化为特征的气候情景的反应。该项目旨在通过融合新的实验，建模和可视化技术来推进植物水分利用效率的研究和教育，以更好地了解光，温度和冠层结构的同时变化在空间和时间尺度上优化植物气体交换中的作用。实验研究将从叶片到整株植物，从受控环境到穿越温度和降水梯度的自然景观。高保真度的功能结构工厂模型将被用于促进理论分析，补充实验数据。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

项目成果

The probability distribution of absorbed direct, diffuse, and scattered radiation in plant canopies with varying structure

不同结构植物冠层吸收的直接、漫射和散射辐射的概率分布

• DOI: 10.1016/j.agrformet.2022.109009
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
• 影响因子: 6.2
• 作者: Bailey, Brian N.;Fu, Kaiming
• 通讯作者: Fu, Kaiming