CAREER: Understanding how knowledge of social networks shapes thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

职业：了解社交网络知识如何塑造思想、感受和行为

• 批准号: 2048212
• 负责人: Carolyn Parkinson
• 金额: $ 74.76万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-05-01 至 2026-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2048212&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Understanding; how; knowledge; social

Human beings form complex social networks. Those networks are composed of numerous intense bonds, including those between family members, friends, co-workers, neighbors, and many others. People are fundamentally interested in knowing where others sit in their real-world social networks. Discovering “degrees of separation” and knowing who is especially well-connected consumes significant attention. The cognitive demands of tracking relationships in such networks, and calibrating one’s behavior accordingly, are likely to have been a driving force in human brain evolution. Additionally, the human capacity for understanding social networks is central to many aspects of everyday functioning, including interpersonal trust, empathy, and social influence. Yet, little is known about how the human brain encodes the structure of the social networks in which it is embedded, or how this knowledge shapes downstream mental processing and behavior. This project seeks to understand how knowledge of others’ positions in one’s social network shapes thoughts, feelings, and behavior. The research considers individual differences in attunement to this information, and how context shapes representations of social networks. The related educational and training components of the project include the creation of mentored research and professional development opportunities for underrepresented students from community colleges and the development of a new graduate course focused on advanced methods in social neuroscience. This project integrates approaches from social psychology, cognitive neuroscience, and social network analysis to illuminate how knowledge of social networks shapes affect, behavior, and cognition. Several studies examine the social networks of a series of bounded communities. Subsets of community members complete behavioral and/or neuroimaging experiments that seek to delineate (1) the behavioral, cognitive, and affective consequences of knowledge of others’ positions in one’s social network, and (2) how the mental representation of such knowledge varies across contexts and individuals. One specific focus is on how perceptions of distance in social networks and network centrality influences prosocial behavior. The results of the research will inform broader efforts to better understand social influence and interpersonal trust. Understanding these phenomena will also inform efforts in the national security community to mitigate the targeted spread of misinformation in social networks. This project is supported with co-funding from the Cognitive Neuroscience and Human Networks and Data Science (HNDS-R) Programs.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

人类形成了复杂的社交网络。这些网络由许多紧密的联系组成，包括家庭成员、朋友、同事、邻居和其他许多人之间的联系。人们从根本上对了解他人在现实世界社交网络中的位置感兴趣。发现“分离度”和知道谁的关系特别好，这会消耗大量的注意力。在这样的网络中跟踪关系的认知需求，并相应地校准一个人的行为，很可能是人类大脑进化的驱动力。此外，人类理解社交网络的能力对日常生活的许多方面都至关重要，包括人际信任、同理心和社会影响力。然而，人们对人类大脑如何编码其所嵌入的社交网络的结构，或者这种知识如何塑造下游的心理处理和行为知之甚少。该项目旨在了解他人在社交网络中的位置如何塑造思想，感受和行为。该研究考虑了个体对这些信息的协调差异，以及环境如何塑造社交网络的表征。该项目的相关教育和培训部分包括为来自社区学院的代表性不足的学生创造指导研究和专业发展机会，以及开发一个新的研究生课程，重点是社会神经科学的先进方法。该项目整合了社会心理学、认知神经科学和社会网络分析的方法，以阐明社交网络形状的知识如何影响行为和认知。一些研究考察了一系列有界社区的社交网络。社区成员的子集完成行为和/或神经成像实验，试图描绘（1）行为，认知和情感后果的知识，他人的位置在一个人的社会网络，以及（2）如何心理表征这些知识的不同背景和个人。一个具体的重点是如何感知的距离在社交网络和网络中心性影响亲社会行为。研究结果将为更广泛的努力提供信息，以更好地理解社会影响力和人际信任。了解这些现象还将为国家安全界减轻社交网络中有针对性的错误信息传播的努力提供信息。该项目由认知神经科学和人类网络与数据科学（HNDS-R）项目共同资助。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Similarity Among Friends Serves as a Social Prior: The Assumption That “Birds of a Feather Flock Together” Shapes Social Decisions and Relationship Beliefs

朋友之间的相似性是社会先验：“物以类聚”的假设塑造了社会决策和关系信念

• DOI: 10.1177/01461672221140269
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: Schwyck, Miriam E.;Du, Meng;Li, Yuchen;Chang, Luke J.;Parkinson, Carolyn
• 通讯作者: Parkinson, Carolyn

How Do Our Brains Support Our Friendships?

我们的大脑如何支持我们的友谊？

• DOI: 10.3389/frym.2022.640262
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Frontiers for Young Minds
• 作者: Baek, Elisa C.;Hyon, Ryan;Porter, Mason A.;Parkinson, Carolyn
• 通讯作者: Parkinson, Carolyn