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Oligotrophic ocean metabolism from underwater glider observations

水下滑翔机观测中的寡营养海洋代谢

基本信息

批准号：
2048435
负责人：
Sara Ferron
金额：
$ 23.31万
依托单位：
University of Hawaii
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-01-01 至 2023-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2048435&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Oligotrophic ocean metabolism underwater glider

项目摘要

Aquatic photosynthesis and respiration rates regulate the flux of organic matter into the ocean’s interior, a process that impacts Earth’s climate by sequestering carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and that provides most of the energy necessary to support the requirements of the organisms inhabiting the dark depths of the ocean. Recent improvements in sensor technology enabled the estimation of photosynthesis and respiration using accurate measurements of the concentration of oxygen dissolved in seawater collected by autonomous underwater vehicles and floats, even in regions of the ocean with low biological activity such as the subtropical gyres. This project is analyzing data collected in the North Pacific ocean during 7 years using autonomous underwater vehicles in order to obtain an unprecedented number of estimates of metabolic rates for a region of the ocean that is representative of one of the largest oceanic ecosystems. This novel analysis helps constrain the amount of oxygen produced in the sea and improves our understanding of how variations in photosynthesis and respiration influence the flux of organic carbon towards the bottom of the ocean. Two undergraduate students from the University of Hawaii are supported and trained as part of this project. This project is analyzing publicly available observations of temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll fluorescence, and optical backscatter collected using underwater gliders in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre between 2008 and 2014 (1,000 days of observations). The analyses are used to: (i) quantify in situ rates of gross primary production and respiration in the mixed layer from diel oxygen oscillations, and determine their short-term variability and seasonality; (ii) quantify the net biological oxygen production (both in the mixed layer and in the lower euphotic zone) and determine its seasonality; (iii) quantify annual net community production, from which one can infer the net biological flux of organic C into the ocean’s interior; and (iv) assess how temporal changes in biomass are linked to changes in metabolic rates by comparing oxygen-based metabolic rates with optical proxies of phytoplankton biomass (backscatter and chlorophyll fluorescence). This investigation will better constrain the role of the ocean in regulating Earth’s climate by improved understanding of the mechanisms driving the temporal variability of metabolic rates in the oligotrophic ocean that covers a large fraction of our planet.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

水生植物的光合作用和呼吸速率调节着有机物流入海洋内部的流量，这一过程通过从大气中吸收二氧化碳来影响地球的气候，并提供了支持栖息在海洋黑暗深处的生物体所需的大部分能量。传感器技术的最新改进使得能够利用对自动潜水器和浮子收集的海水中溶解的氧浓度的精确测量来估计光合作用和呼吸作用，即使是在亚热带环流等生物活动低的海洋区域。该项目正在分析7年来使用自主水下航行器在北太平洋收集的数据，以获得代表最大海洋生态系统之一的海洋区域的代谢率的前所未有的估计数。这种新颖的分析有助于限制海洋中产生的氧气量，并提高我们对光合作用和呼吸作用的变化如何影响有机碳流向海底的理解。作为该项目的一部分，夏威夷大学的两名本科生得到了支助和培训。该项目正在分析2008年至2014年期间在北太平洋副热带环流中使用水下滑翔机收集的温度，盐度，溶解氧，叶绿素荧光和光学后向散射的公开观测结果（1，000天的观测）。分析用于：（i）从昼夜氧振荡中确定混合层中总初级生产和呼吸的原位速率，并确定其短期变化和季节性;（ii）确定净生物氧生产（混合层和低透光层），并确定其季节性;（iii）量化每年的净群落生产量，从中可以推断进入海洋内部的有机碳的净生物通量;以及（iv）通过比较基于氧的代谢率与浮游植物生物量的光学代用指标（后向散射和叶绿素荧光），评估生物量的时间变化与代谢率变化之间的联系。这项研究将更好地限制海洋在调节地球气候中的作用，通过提高对贫营养海洋代谢率随时间变化的机制的理解，该海洋覆盖了我们星球的很大一部分。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。