Efficient discharge monitoring using whitewater sounds

使用白水声进行有效的排放监测

• 批准号: 2051670
• 负责人: Jacob Anderson
• 金额: $ 39.13万
• 依托单位: Boise State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2051670&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Efficient; discharge; monitoring; using; whitewater

Natural and artificial whitewater features like rapids, waterfalls, spillways, and weirs are important acoustic sources in the infrasound, audible, and ultrasound bands. However, their sounds have received little scientific study despite their utility in monitoring streamflow and their environmental significance as dominant features of the riparian soundscape. In this project, the investigators will build on preliminary work and develop a tool for helping researchers collect important but currently impractical discharge data. This project will create a monitoring method that can enable hydrologists to collect streamflow data more efficiently than is currently possible, removing the constraint of stream-gaging logistics on data collection and permitting studies that are currently impractical. To encourage widespread adoption of the method, they will release a mature, user-friendly sensor/software combination with comprehensive manuals and instructional videos demonstrating fieldwork and data processing for new users. All instrumentation and software produced in this project will be open-source. They will promote hydrological and STEM education at multiple levels by including undergraduate and graduate students in research, instrumentation construction, software development, and K-12 outreach to underserved schools and community organizations. This interdisciplinary project will help train student assistants to work across disciplinary boundaries and teach transferable skills including electronic design and maintenance, field data collection, analysis, and scientific communication.The investigators will address two research questions: 1) how can acoustic monitoring of whitewater features be used to measure streamflow? 2) how does the spatial distribution of whitewater sounds depend on characteristics of the stream and surroundings? The investigators will address their first question with case studies of many scales, ranging from waterfalls on rivers to riffles on mountain streams. In particular, they will examine the utility of acoustics for recording low-order and intermittent streams, which are under-monitored despite their hydrological, ecological, and policy significance. To answer the second question, they will characterize whitewater soundscapes by collecting snapshot spatial surveys of noise around whitewater features and assessing how discharge, whitewater feature characteristics, vegetation, and topography affect stream noise extent and intensity. This question is relevant to wide-ranging communities including hydrologists (site selection for acoustic gaging), geophysicists (understanding a important and variable source of background noise), ecologists (stream sounds aiding wildlife as navigational beacons, or impairing their ability to hear predators or prey), and urban and recreational planners (background sounds have measurable health effects on humans). This project is co-funded by the Hydrological Sciences Program and the Instrumentation and Facilities Program in the Earth Sciences Division.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

激流、瀑布、溢洪道和堰等天然和人工白水地物是次声、可听和超声波频段的重要声源。然而，它们的声音几乎没有得到科学研究，尽管它们在监测径流方面很有用，而且它们作为河岸声景的主要特征具有环境意义。在这个项目中，调查人员将在前期工作的基础上，开发一种工具来帮助研究人员收集重要但目前不切实际的放电数据。该项目将创建一种监测方法，使水文学家能够比目前可能的情况下更有效地收集径流数据，消除流量测量后勤对数据收集的限制，并允许进行目前不切实际的研究。为了鼓励广泛采用这种方法，他们将发布一种成熟的、用户友好的传感器/软件组合，其中包含全面的手册和教学视频，为新用户演示现场工作和数据处理。该项目中生产的所有仪器和软件都将是开源的。他们将通过将本科生和研究生纳入研究、仪器设备建设、软件开发以及K-12推广到服务不足的学校和社区组织的方式，在多个层面促进水文和STEM教育。这个跨学科的项目将帮助培训学生助理跨学科边界工作，并教授可移植的技能，包括电子设计和维护、现场数据收集、分析和科学交流。研究人员将解决两个研究问题：1)如何使用白水地物的声学监测来测量水流？2)白水声音的空间分布如何取决于水流和周围环境的特征？调查人员将通过多个规模的案例研究来解决他们的第一个问题，从河流上的瀑布到山间溪流上的即兴表演。特别是，他们将研究声学用于记录低阶和间歇性河流的效用，尽管它们具有水文、生态和政策意义，但这些河流没有得到充分的监测。为了回答第二个问题，他们将通过收集白水地物周围噪声的快照空间调查，并评估流量、白水地物特征、植被和地形如何影响溪流噪声的范围和强度，来表征白水声景。这个问题涉及范围广泛的社区，包括水文学家(声学测量选址)、地球物理学家(了解背景噪声的一个重要和可变来源)、生态学家(溪流声音有助于野生动物作为导航灯塔，或削弱它们听到捕食者或猎物的能力)，以及城市和娱乐规划者(背景声音对人类的健康有可衡量的影响)。该项目由水文科学计划和地球科学部的仪器和设施计划共同资助。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Exploring Background Noise With a Large‐N Infrasound Array: Waterfalls, Thunderstorms, and Earthquakes

使用大型次声阵列探索背景噪声：瀑布、雷暴和地震

• DOI: 10.1029/2023gl104635
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Scamfer, L. T.;Anderson, J. F.
• 通讯作者: Anderson, J. F.

Whitewater Sound Dependence on Discharge and Wave Configuration at an Adjustable Wave Feature

可调波浪特征下白水声对流量和波浪配置的依赖性

• DOI: 10.1029/2023wr034554
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Water Resources Research
• 影响因子: 5.4
• 作者: Tatum, Taylor A.;Anderson, Jacob F.;Ronan, Timothy J.
• 通讯作者: Ronan, Timothy J.