SBIR Phase I: High-Performance, Low-Cost Anode-Free Lithium-Ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles and Consumer Electronics

SBIR 第一阶段：用于电动汽车和消费电子产品的高性能、低成本无阳极锂离子电池

• 批准号: 2052168
• 负责人: Donald DeRosa
• 金额: $ 25.6万
• 依托单位: Eonix LLC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-01 至 2022-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2052168&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; Performance; Low; Cost

The broader impact/commercial potential of this Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) project is to create a new type of lithium-ion battery for electric vehicle (EV) battery packs. Passenger vehicles representing 27% of global oil consumption. The proposed material will enable a new affordable, long-range EV reducing battery costs by reducing the battery size by 65% and the cell cost by up to 40%. This SBIR Phase I project proposes to understand the influence of formation conditions and electrolyte composition on the generation of anode-free solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) using electrochemical and thin film characterization techniques. In the absence of a robust SEI, anode-free batteries experience rapid capacity loss that stems from either “mossy” lithium growth or precipitous electrolyte decomposition. These degradation routes result in cells that typically function for less than 50 cycles at room temperature. The impact of formation temperature and current density on anode-free SEI formation during galvanostatic charge/discharge will be analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) as well as conventional electrochemical techniques. These techniques will also measure the impact of varying electrolyte salt/solvent compositions on anode-free SEI formation. The dependence of temperature on cycle life with the optimized SEI conditions will be evaluated through galvanostatic charge/discharge. The key objective of the project is to clarify the formation conditions and electrolyte composition that results in the generation of a smooth SEI layer featuring ideal lithium mosaic columns capable of reversibly cycling with minimal capacity fade at room temperature.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这个小型企业创新研究(SBIR)项目的更广泛影响/商业潜力是为电动汽车(EV)电池组创造一种新型锂离子电池。乘用车占全球石油消费的27%。建议的材料将使一种新的负担得起的远程电动汽车通过减少65%的电池尺寸和高达40%的电池成本来降低电池成本。该SBIR第一阶段项目建议使用电化学和薄膜表征技术来了解形成条件和电解液组成对无阳极固体电解质界面(SEI)生成的影响。在没有强大的SEI的情况下，无阳极电池会经历快速的容量损失，这要么是由于锂的“苔藓”生长，要么是因为电解液的急剧分解。这些降解途径导致的细胞通常在室温下工作不到50个周期。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和常规电化学技术，分析了恒流充放电过程中形成温度和电流密度对无阳极SEI形成的影响。这些技术还将测量不同的电解盐/溶剂组成对无阳极SEI形成的影响。温度对最佳SEI条件下循环寿命的依赖关系将通过恒流充放电进行评估。该项目的主要目标是澄清形成条件和电解液组成，以产生平滑的SEI层，该层具有理想的锂马赛克柱，能够在室温下以最小的容量衰减进行可逆循环。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。