Collaborative Research: Improving estimates of Greenland’s freshwater flux: Where do icebergs form and where do they melt?
合作研究:改进对格陵兰岛淡水通量的估计:冰山在哪里形成以及在哪里融化?
基本信息
- 批准号:2052561
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 29.8万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2021
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2021-08-01 至 2024-07-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Greenland is a large reservoir of fresh, frozen water that flows downhill until it reaches the ocean. Some of this frozen reservoir melts at the surface and directly enters the ocean. Some of the ice instead breaks off, making icebergs that melt as they float around the ocean like ice cubes in a glass of water. Where and when this freshwater enters the ocean can influence the ocean currents that carry heat, salt, and vital nutrients for marine life. However, we cannot tell if recent changes to the amount of Greenland ice that is melted and mixed into the ocean are important because we don’t yet have accurate maps of where exactly this freshwater enters the ocean. In this project, we will combine 1) photos of Greenland’s coastline taken from satellites and 2) measurements of the warm, salty, and fast coastal waters taken from ships and instruments in the ocean. From these observations we will create new maps of how much Greenland icebergs melted from 2010 to 2023. Our science team will develop outreach activities that focus on iceberg melting and will work with an artist to educate the public about the importance of iceberg melt and inspire them to think more about the Earth’s fascinating icy features. Increasing freshwater flux from the Greenland Ice Sheet influences ocean properties, with potentially large consequences for circulation, marine ecosystems, and climate at local-to-global scales. The severity of the downstream effects depends on: the fingerprint of meltwater runoff from the ice-sheet surface, meltwater produced where the ice sheet flows into the relatively warm and salty ocean, and meltwater injected into the ocean by the gradual decay of icebergs. Variations in freshwater produced by iceberg melt are poorly mapped and yet may be incredibly important since icebergs can transport cold, fresh meltwater far from the ice-sheet margins to remote ocean basins. In this project, we will combine independent iceberg melt rate estimation methods using satellite and ocean observations. We will investigate the drivers of iceberg melt and also quantify potential errors and the uncertainty in each of our methods. We will pair the iceberg melt rate estimates with observations of iceberg production from the Greenland Ice Sheet to construct time series of iceberg freshwater flux from 2010 to 2023. The project will yield time series of iceberg meltwater flux maps and determine how iceberg meltwater compares to other freshwater sources, such as surface and subglacial meltwater runoff from the ice sheet. We will also produce several novel datasets (e.g., spatially distributed iceberg size distributions, melt rates, and freshwater flux time series) that will be valuable for studies focused on ice sheet-ocean interactions. We will incorporate data products produced by the project into the open-source QGreenland geographic information system package as part of efforts to increase data accessibility and use. The project also provides an opportunity for two female early career scientists to strengthen their research programs, and we will emphasize recruitment of underrepresented groups for junior personnel. Finally, the project team will develop K–12 outreach activities that demonstrate iceberg melting in a fish-tank fjord and will work with an artist who has experience in creatively disseminating polar research to a broad range of audiences; this will enable us to communicate our project findings more effectively to the public.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
格陵兰岛是一个巨大的淡水水库,冰冻的水从山上往下流,直到流入海洋。这些冻结的水库中的一些在表面融化,直接进入海洋。相反,一些冰层破裂,使冰山在漂浮在海洋中时融化,就像一杯水中的冰块。淡水进入海洋的地点和时间会影响洋流,洋流为海洋生物带来了热量、盐分和至关重要的营养物质。然而,我们不能确定格陵兰冰融化和混合到海洋中的数量最近的变化是否重要,因为我们还没有准确的地图来确定这些淡水到底从哪里进入海洋。在这个项目中,我们将结合1)卫星拍摄的格陵兰海岸线照片和2)从海洋中的船只和仪器拍摄的温暖、咸水和快速沿海水域的测量数据。根据这些观测结果,我们将制作格陵兰冰山从2010年到2023年融化程度的新地图。我们的科学团队将开展以冰山融化为重点的外展活动,并将与一名艺术家合作,教育公众冰山融化的重要性,并激励他们更多地思考地球迷人的冰雪特征。来自格陵兰冰盖的淡水流量的增加影响了海洋的性质,对环流、海洋生态系统和从地方到全球的气候可能产生重大影响。下游影响的严重程度取决于:冰盖表面融化径流的指纹,冰盖流入相对温暖和咸化的海洋时产生的融水,以及冰山逐渐腐烂注入海洋的融水。冰山融化产生的淡水变化的地图绘制得很差,但可能非常重要,因为冰山可以将寒冷的新鲜融水从冰盖边缘输送到遥远的海洋盆地。在这个项目中,我们将结合使用卫星和海洋观测的独立冰山融化速度估计方法。我们将调查冰山融化的驱动因素,并量化每种方法中的潜在误差和不确定性。我们将把估计的冰山融化速率与格陵兰冰盖冰山产量的观测结果配对,以构建2010年至2023年冰山淡水通量的时间序列。该项目将产生冰山融水通量图的时间序列,并确定冰山融水与其他淡水来源的比较,如冰盖表面和冰下融水径流。我们还将产生几个新的数据集(例如,空间分布的冰山大小分布、融化速率和淡水通量时间序列),这些数据集将对专注于冰盖-海洋相互作用的研究具有价值。我们将把该项目产生的数据产品纳入开源的QGreenland地理信息系统包中,作为增加数据可获取性和使用率的努力的一部分。该项目还为两名女性早期职业科学家提供了加强其研究方案的机会,我们将强调为初级人员招聘代表性不足的群体。最后,项目团队将开展K-12推广活动,展示鱼缸峡湾中的冰山融化,并将与一位在创造性地向广泛受众传播极地研究方面具有经验的艺术家合作;这将使我们能够更有效地向公众传达我们的项目发现。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Ellyn Enderlin其他文献
A Frontal Ablation Dataset for 49 Tidewater Glaciers in Greenland
格陵兰岛 49 条入海口冰川的锋面消融数据集
- DOI:
10.1038/s41597-025-04948-3 - 发表时间:
2025-04-10 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:6.900
- 作者:
Dominik Fahrner;Donald A. Slater;Aman KC;Claudia Cenedese;David A. Sutherland;Ellyn Enderlin;M. Femke de Jong;Kristian K. Kjeldsen;Michael Wood;Peter Nienow;Sophie Nowicki;Till J. W. Wagner - 通讯作者:
Till J. W. Wagner
Ellyn Enderlin的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Ellyn Enderlin', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research: Initiation, Propagation, and Termination: Understanding coupled hydrologic and glacier dynamic instabilities from the surge of Turner Glacier
合作研究:启动、传播和终止:了解特纳冰川涌动造成的耦合水文和冰川动态不稳定性
- 批准号:
1954006 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 29.8万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Antarctic Submarine Melt Variability from Remote Sensing of Icebergs
冰山遥感的南极海底融化变化
- 批准号:
1933764 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 29.8万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: What Controls Calving? A Greenland-wide Test of Terminus Change Mechanisms
合作研究:什么控制产犊?
- 批准号:
1933105 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 29.8万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: What Controls Calving? A Greenland-wide Test of Terminus Change Mechanisms
合作研究:什么控制产犊?
- 批准号:
1714639 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 29.8万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Antarctic Submarine Melt Variability from Remote Sensing of Icebergs
冰山遥感的南极海底融化变化
- 批准号:
1643455 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 29.8万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Quantifying Greenland Iceberg Melt Rates using Remotely-sensed Data
使用遥感数据量化格陵兰冰山融化速率
- 批准号:
1417480 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 29.8万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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