EAR-PF: Green infrastructure scaling from local observations to regional applications as a coupled human-water system

EAR-PF：绿色基础设施从本地观测扩展到区域应用，作为耦合的人水系统

• 批准号: 2052598
• 负责人: Cynthia Castro
• 金额: $ 17.4万
• 依托单位: Castro, Cynthia V
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2052598&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAR; PF; Green; infrastructure; scaling

Dr. Cyndi V. Castro has been granted an NSF EAR Postdoctoral Fellowship to study issues of scale regarding nature-based solutions (NBSs) at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign with mentoring from Professor Murugesu Sivapalan. Traditionally, stormwater is dealt with through grey infrastructure, which rapidly transports rainfall offsite. NBSs, on the other hand, use natural materials to slow stormwater flow through onsite retention. As rainfall conditions intensify, integrated NBSs become necessary throughout the urban framework to alleviate overburdened drainage networks. NBSs have shown great promise in site-specific applications, however, widespread use of such technology has not occurred due to a lack of catchment-scale relationships. The efficacy of NBS solutions is a complex function of local conditions (i.e., rainfall, flow travel times, land characteristics) that are not well understood. The need to characterize scale relationships includes interactions between NBS systems and society. Anthropogenic effects on catchments alter the hydrologic response and are an important component in coupled human-water systems. This study aims to better understand the influence and scalability of hydrological and social phenomena in urban watersheds to fill an important knowledge gap and to improve widespread implementation of NBS solutions. The work has broad implications for the use of NBSs in urban settings and will work to involve the youth of Houston, Texas, in the proposed research. The project also includes plans to improve infrastructure for NBS in economically disadvantaged neighborhoods and will engage with a wide variety of stakeholders who deal with flooding and stormwater. Dr. Castro proposes to investigate the scaling laws associated with NBSs by combining traditional top-down and bottom-up modeling approaches. Dr. Castro will engage with various global climate adaptation leaders through an established academic-governmental partnership to better understand the governing societal influences associated with NBS processes. She will identify governing physical processes through data-driven computational modeling and similarity analyses, including spatial characteristics (watershed properties) and temporal variability (rainfall duration, time of concentration). A top-down approach will be conducted to understand the macro-scale governing processes through the use of bucket models. The process controls on the overall water balance will be extracted from long-term rainfall-runoff signatures and coarse-grained over decreasing scales. Finally, Dr. Castro will investigate the shared behaviors between the bottom-up deterministic models and the top-down bucket models, elucidating where the two approaches overlap, thereby linking NBS processes across scales. By identifying common social and hydrologic factors that are scalable, Dr. Castro seeks a novel description of NBS processes for improved planning across spatial and temporal domains.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

Cyndi V.Castro博士获得了NSF EAR博士后奖学金，在伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校研究基于自然的解决方案(NBSS)的规模问题，由Murugesu SiVapalan教授指导。传统上，雨水是通过灰色基础设施来处理的，这会迅速将降雨输送到异地。另一方面，NBSS使用天然材料通过现场保留来减缓雨水的流动。随着降雨条件的加剧，整个城市框架内都需要综合的NBSS，以缓解不堪重负的排水网络。NBSS在特定地点的应用中显示出巨大的前景，然而，由于缺乏集水规模的关系，这种技术的广泛使用尚未发生。国家统计局解决方案的效力是当地条件(即降雨、径流旅行时间、土地特征)的复杂函数，而这些条件尚未得到很好的了解。描述规模关系的需要包括国家统计局系统和社会之间的相互作用。人类活动对流域的影响改变了水文响应，是人水耦合系统的重要组成部分。这项研究旨在更好地了解城市流域水文和社会现象的影响和可伸缩性，以填补一个重要的知识空白，并促进国家统计局解决方案的广泛实施。这项工作对城市环境中NBSS的使用具有广泛的影响，并将努力让德克萨斯州休斯顿的年轻人参与拟议的研究。该项目还包括改善国家统计局在经济困难社区的基础设施的计划，并将与处理洪水和暴雨的各种利益攸关方接触。卡斯特罗博士建议将传统的自上而下和自下而上的建模方法结合起来，研究与NBSS相关的比例定律。卡斯特罗博士将通过建立的学术-政府合作伙伴关系与全球气候适应领导人接触，以更好地了解与国家统计局进程相关的管理社会影响。她将通过数据驱动的计算建模和相似性分析，包括空间特征(分水岭特性)和时间变异性(降雨持续时间、集中时间)，确定支配物理过程。将采用自上而下的方法，通过使用桶模型来理解宏观管理过程。对总体水量平衡的过程控制将从长期降雨-径流特征中提取，并在不断减小的尺度上进行粗粒度处理。最后，卡斯特罗博士将研究自下而上的确定性模型和自上而下的桶模型之间的共同行为，阐明这两种方法的重叠之处，从而将不同规模的国家统计局流程联系起来。通过确定可扩展的公共社会和水文因素，卡斯特罗博士寻求对国家统计局跨时空领域改进规划的过程进行新的描述。这一奖项反映了国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

The role of network structure in integrated water management: a case study of collaboration and influence for adopting nature-based solutions

• DOI: 10.3389/frwa.2023.1011952
• 发表时间: 2023-08
• 期刊: Frontiers in Water
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: C. Castro;C. Carney;M. D. de Brito

Systems-thinking for environmental policy coherence: Stakeholder knowledge, fuzzy logic, and causal reasoning

环境政策一致性的系统思维：利益相关者知识、模糊逻辑和因果推理

• DOI: 10.1016/j.envsci.2022.07.001
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Environmental Science & Policy
• 影响因子: 6
• 作者: Castro, Cyndi V.