EAR-PF: A channel-belt scale source of autogenic topography controlling fluvial sedimentation and preservation: Investigation using 3D seismic volumes

河流是重要的资源，是地球表面的主要塑造者。随着气候的变化，了解河流随时间的演变非常重要，但要了解河流如何在比人类时间尺度更长的时间内演变，我们需要研究古代河流创造的沉积沉积。这些沉积物记录了河流在被埋藏之前在很长一段时间内的演变和迁移。然而，虽然气候和构造变化等外力可以影响河流的演变，但也有与空间可变的水流和泥沙沉积有关的内部控制因素可能会影响河流沉积。通过重新利用能源行业收集的显示地球地下河流沉积的3D声学图像，我们将研究古代沿海河流的沉积，以更好地了解这些重要沉积如何在空间和时间上变化，以及原因。这项工作的结果将帮助我们更好地了解古代河流如何以及为什么改变了地球表面，并将帮助我们预测未来的变化。人们很早就认识到，沉积记录往往是复杂的，并因时变的沉积、间断和侵蚀而变得模糊。例外情况主要发生在河床规模，在这种情况下，当地自然发生的(自生)起伏推动了快速沉积和保存。河道带是河流随时间迁移和沉积而形成的沉积沉积，通常也保存完好，规模可达数十公里。这种特殊的保存通常归因于外部压力(例如，下沉)，但海峡带尺度上的自生地貌也被认为是自生地貌的重要来源。冲积山脊间盆地可能起到这一作用。为了量化自生和同种作用在保护河流河道带中的相对重要性，我们将使用墨西哥湾地下的3D地震体成像。利用大陆架上的体积，我们将绘制航道带地图，建立航道带几何图形数据库，并确定它们保存的驱动因素，最终跟踪自生和异体过程在保护墨西哥湾沿岸航道带中的相对重要性。我们工作流程的一部分涉及将分析的3D地震体转换为3D Numpy阵列，这是一个免费、开源且易于操作的数据集，我们将免费提供这些数据集，以使3D地震体更易于访问。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Rivers are important resources and are major shapers of the Earth’s surface. Understanding their evolution over time is important with changing climate, yet to understand how rivers evolve over longer than human timescales, we need to examine the sedimentary deposits created by ancient rivers. These deposits record the evolution and migration of rivers over long timescales before being buried. However, while external forces such as changing climate and tectonics can influence the evolution of rivers, there are also internally controlled factors related to spatially variable flow and sediment deposition that may shape river deposits. By repurposing 3D acoustic images collected by the energy industry showing river deposits in Earth’s subsurface, we will examine the deposits of ancient coastal rivers to better understand how these important deposits vary over space and time, and why. The results of this work will help us better understand how and why ancient rivers have modified Earth’s surface, and will help us predict future changes. It has long been recognized that the sedimentary record is often complicated and obscured by time-variable sedimentation, hiatus, and erosion. Exceptions have been recognized primarily at the bedform scale, where local, naturally occurring (autogenic) relief drives rapid sedimentation and preservation. River-channel belts, the sedimentary deposits created by river migration and aggradation over time, are also commonly well preserved at the scale of tens of kilometers. This exceptional preservation is often attributed to external forcings (e.g., subsidence), but autogenic sources of topography at the channel-belt scale have also been recognized and hypothesized to be an important source of autogenic relief. Inter-alluvial-ridge basins may perform this function. To quantify the relative importance of autogenic and allogenic processes in preserving fluvial channel belts, we will use 3D seismic volumes imaging the subsurface of the Gulf of Mexico. Using volumes across the continental shelf, we will map channel belts, build a database of channel-belt geometries, and identify the drivers of their preservation, ultimately tracking the relative importance of autogenic and allogenic processes in preserving channel belts across the Gulf Coast over time. Part of our workflow involves converting analyzed 3D seismic volumes to 3D Numpy arrays, a free, open-source, and easily manipulated dataset, which we will make freely available to make 3D seismic volumes more accessible.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.