EAR-PF: Experimental study of the dynamics of frozen, cohesive river banks: bridging pore-scale properties with channel-scale dynamics.

EAR-PF：冻结、粘性河岸动力学的实验研究：将孔隙尺度特性与河道尺度动力学联系起来。

• 批准号: 2053009
• 负责人: Kieran Dunne
• 金额: $ 17.4万
• 依托单位: Dunne, Kieran Bernard Jiamin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2053009&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAR; PF; Experimental; study; dynamics

Dr. Kieran Dunne has been awarded an NSF EAR Postdoctoral Fellowship to study the effects of widespread thawing in the Arctic on changes in frozen riverbank erosion and on the release of greenhouse gasses and heavy metals. The work will take place under the mentorship of Dr. Michael Lamb at California Institute of Technology. Accelerating climate change in the Arctic is leading to the widespread thawing of permafrost (ice and soil that typically remains frozen throughout the year). The loss of permafrost results in weakening of riverbanks, river channel migration and speeds up the release of greenhouse gasses and heavy metals. These environmental issues combined with changes in the shape of rivers have led to the displacement of communities in the Arctic. This project seeks to characterize the ways that the composition of permafrost riverbank impacts the rate of riverbank erosion and river channel migration in the Arctic. The work includes a series of experiments to determine the properties that control erosion and river migration, contributing to a framework for improved management of river systems in polar regions and a better understanding of the global carbon cycle. The project also includes education and outreach activities that incorporate preexisting California Institute of Technology programs for high school and undergraduate students. Dr. Dunne also plans to develop and distribute online educational modules on river processes hosted on SedEdu.Huge regions of land in the Arctic through which rivers incise are comprised of permafrost. The presence of pore ice in permafrost substrates has been shown to have a profound effect on the erodibility bank material as pore ice greatly increases the yield strength of frozen soil relative to unfrozen soil. As a result, the erosion rates of permafrost soils are highly sensitive to climate-driven changes to both local hydrological and atmospheric temperature conditions. This study seeks to develop a mechanistic understanding of the effects of permafrost composition and water temperature on the erosion rate of frozen riverbanks. A suite of experiments will be performed to determine the effects of cohesive sediment on the thermomechanical and geotechnical properties of permafrost substrates that govern the rate of riverbank erosion in Arctic regions. This experimental approach will be coupled with analysis of high-resolution satellite imagery of natural, permafrost rivers in the Arctic to determine how rates of channel bank erosion and lateral migration changes throughout the year in response to the governing mechanisms explored in the lab.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

基兰·邓恩（Kieran Dunne）博士被授予美国国家科学基金会（NSF）欧洲研究机构（EAR）博士后研究金，研究北极大范围解冻对冰冻河岸侵蚀变化以及温室气体和重金属释放的影响。这项工作将在加州理工学院的迈克尔·兰姆博士的指导下进行。北极气候变化的加速正在导致永久冻土（通常全年保持冻结的冰和土壤）的广泛融化。 多年冻土层的丧失导致河岸弱化、河道迁移，并加速温室气体和重金属的释放。这些环境问题加上河流形状的变化，导致北极社区流离失所。该项目旨在描述永久冻土河岸的组成对北极河岸侵蚀和河道迁移速率的影响。这项工作包括一系列实验，以确定控制侵蚀和河流迁移的特性，为改善极地地区河流系统的管理和更好地了解全球碳循环提供框架。该项目还包括教育和外展活动，包括现有的加州理工学院的高中和本科生计划。邓恩博士还计划开发和分发关于SedEdu上托管的河流过程的在线教育模块。北极地区河流切割的大片土地由永久冻土组成。孔隙冰在多年冻土基质中的存在已被证明对可蚀性堤岸材料具有深远的影响，因为孔隙冰大大增加了冻土相对于未冻土的屈服强度。因此，多年冻土的侵蚀速率对气候驱动的当地水文和大气温度条件的变化非常敏感。本研究旨在发展一种机制的理解，永久冻土成分和水温对冻结河岸的侵蚀速率的影响。将进行一系列实验，以确定粘性沉积物对永久冻土基底的热机械和岩土性质的影响，这些性质决定着北极地区河岸侵蚀的速度。这一实验性方法将与对自然、北极地区的永久冻土河流，以确定河道河岸侵蚀和横向迁移率在一年中如何变化，以响应实验室中探索的管理机制。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查进行评估，被认为值得支持的搜索.