Collaborative Research: Taking the Pulse of the Arctic Ocean - A US Contribution to the International Synoptic Arctic Survey

该奖项全部或部分由《2021年美国救援计划法案》（公法117-2）资助。北冰洋正受到重大环境变化的影响，如持续的气候变暖导致的海冰融化。然而，由于我们对那里的海洋、生物和化学条件的信息有限，因此预测未来的变化，评估可能已经发生的生态系统变化的程度，或者知道这些变化是否正在整个北冰洋发生，都是具有挑战性的。为了应对这一挑战，国际科学家正在共同制定北极综合调查（SAS）计划。SAS的合作者在多次科学考察中对北冰洋的物理、生物和化学状况进行采样。他们正在将这些新的测量结果与现有数据综合起来，并通过建模来预测未来的变化。该项目是美国对国际SAS计划的核心贡献，继续美国在北极研究方面的突出地位，并将重点放在阿拉斯加附近的美国北极和北部的加拿大盆地。多种教育、培训和推广活动的重点是早期职业科学家、K-12学生、土著人民、本科生和研究生以及阿拉斯加当地沿海社区。国际努力的结果将指导对人类社区至关重要的生态系统资源的预测和管理，包括北极当地和土著居民，以及大规模商业渔业和其他经济活动。该项目将在夏末的一次多学科巡航中量化加拿大盆地的物理、生物和生物地球化学海洋系统的现状，通过与历史数据的比较来检测变化，量化相邻大陆架、斜坡和深盆地之间的联系，并提供一个当代基线，以比较未来的变化，以检测对气候驱动因素的响应。SAS围绕三个主要研究领域进行组织：(1)对生态系统和碳循环重要的物理驱动因素；(2)生态系统响应；(3)碳循环本身，并与首要问题联系起来：北极海洋系统的现状是什么？正在进行的主要转变是什么？这一建议提出了具体的、集中的研究问题，这将直接促进我们对这一知之甚少的地区的基本了解，同时也提供了观测和实验数据，这将有助于更广泛的SAS目标。项目协调办公室将促进美国项目组成部分与国际研究活动的协调，并将鼓励和招募更多的美国补充建议加入该项目。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).The Arctic Ocean is being affected by major environmental changes, such as sea ice loss, driven by ongoing climate warming. However, since we have limited information on oceanic, biological, and chemical conditions there, it is challenging to predict future changes, to evaluate how much ecosystem change may already have occurred, or to know if these changes are occurring over the entire Arctic Ocean. International scientists are working together to develop the Synoptic Arctic Survey (SAS) program to address this challenge. SAS collaborators are sampling the physical, biological, and chemical status of the Arctic Ocean on multiple scientific expeditions. They are synthesizing these new measurements with existing data, and projecting future changes via modeling. This project is the core of a US contribution to the international SAS program, continuing US prominence in Arctic research, and focuses on the US Arctic near Alaska and in the Canadian Basin to the north. Multiple educational, training, and outreach activities are focusing on early career scientists, K-12 students, Indigenous peoples, undergraduate and graduate students, and local Alaskan coastal communities. Findings from the international effort will guide predictions and management of ecosystem resources that are essential to human communities, including local and Indigenous Arctic residents, and large-scale commercial fisheries and other economic activities.This project will quantify the current state of the physical, biological, and biogeochemical marine systems of the Canadian Basin during a multidisciplinary cruise in late summer to detect changes through comparisons with historical data, to quantify linkages between the adjacent shelves, slopes, and deep basins, and to provide a contemporary baseline against which future changes can be compared to detect responses to climate drivers. The SAS has organized around three major research areas: (1) physical drivers of importance to the ecosystem and carbon cycle, (2) the ecosystem response, and (3) the carbon cycle itself, linked with the overarching question: What is the present state and what are the major ongoing transformations of the Arctic marine system? This proposal poses specific, focused research questions under this overarching umbrella that will directly advance our basic understanding of this poorly understood region, while also providing observational and experimental data that will contribute to the broader SAS objectives. A Project Coordination Office will facilitate coordination of US project components with international research activities and will encourage and recruit additional US complementary proposals to join the project.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.