RAPID: Unprecedented Hypoxia in Cape Cod Bay

RAPID:科德角湾前所未有的缺氧

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    2053240
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 16.33万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2020-12-15 至 2023-08-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

This is rapid response study of oxygen dynamics in southern Cape Cod Bay (CCB) in order to better understand the physical processes that are contributing to an unprecedented second consecutive summer of extensive bottom hypoxia. Comprehensive measurements will be made during the critical months of September and October, in order to resolve the important spatial and temporal scales needed to better understand the frontal dynamics of this region, which are hypothesized to play a key role in controlling bottom oxygen concentration. Hypoxia in coastal waters is typically associated with either large anthropogenic nutrient inputs or strong and persistent upwelling. Southern CCB has neither, yet extensive hypoxic bottom waters have developed for the second consecutive summer. This developing hypoxia event provides a unique opportunity to examine the physical and biogeochemical processes responsible for this novel hypoxiaregime. Concentration of organic carbon in a localized area that also receives less oxygen input because of reduced mixing is expected to be the causal mechanism. Results from this research will be communicated to both the Massachusetts Department of Marine Fisheries and the Massachusetts Lobstermen’s Association. This research will help foster collaborations with these groups with the goal of assessing whether hypoxia is likely to persist in the coming year and become more severe as regional surface waters warm. Results from this research will help develop mitigation strategies to minimize economic losses and harm to the lobster fishery.It is hypothesized that in CCB, and other systems without persistent strong upwelling or large anthropogenic nutrient inputs, the production of organic carbon is insufficient to drive widespread hypoxia during the summer, but localized hypoxia can occur when convergent transport concentrates organic carbon in sufficient quantities to deplete bottom oxygen levels. In CCB, hypoxia is expected to develop in association with a strong bottom density front that occurs where the seasonal pycnocline intersects the seafloor. At this location, strong thermal stratification immediately adjacent to the seabed suppresses turbulence, preventing ventilation via vertical mixing and the front accumulates organic material that enhances respiration at this location. In order to maintain this bottom front during summer conditions, frequent relaxation/downwelling winds are needed. The mechanism of oxygen depleting associated with a bottom front is fundamentally different from what drives hypoxia in more commonly studied upwelling regions. However, it may be important in other environments with strong thermal stratification and variable wind forcing. This interdisciplinary research will resolve the mechanisms that drive hypoxia in CCB and provide insight into why low oxygen conditions appear to be occurring more frequently in this economically important region. The team will 1) conduct ship-based sampling roughly every 5 days to resolve the full three-dimensional distribution of temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll fluorescence and turbidity and how these variables respond to wind forcing; 2) deploy 3 bottom landers that span the hypoxic region on a N-S transect to continuously record bottom temperature, salinity and DO and water column circulation; and 3) conduct numerical simulations of the region using a coupled hydrodynamic-biogeochemical model to better understand the basic processes that result in low bottom oxygen.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
这是对南部科德角湾(CCB)氧动力学的快速反应研究,以更好地了解导致前所未有的连续第二个夏季广泛底部缺氧的物理过程。将在关键的9月和10月进行全面测量,以解决更好地了解这一区域的锋面动态所需的重要空间和时间尺度,假设这在控制底部氧气浓度方面发挥关键作用。沿海沃茨中的缺氧通常与大量的人为营养物输入或强烈和持续的上升流有关。南部CCB既没有,但广泛的缺氧底部沃茨已连续第二个夏天。这一发展中的缺氧事件提供了一个独特的机会,以检查负责这种新的hypoxiaregime的物理和地球化学过程。有机碳在局部区域的浓度,也收到较少的氧气输入,因为减少混合,预计是因果关系的机制。这项研究的结果将传达给马萨诸塞州海洋渔业部和马萨诸塞州龙虾协会。这项研究将有助于促进与这些团体的合作,目标是评估缺氧是否可能在未来一年持续下去,并随着区域表面沃茨变暖而变得更加严重。这项研究的结果将有助于制定缓解策略,以尽量减少经济损失和对龙虾渔业的伤害。据推测,在CCB和其他没有持续强烈的上升流或大量人为营养输入的系统中,有机碳的产生不足以在夏季驱动广泛的缺氧,但是当汇聚运输集中了足够数量的有机碳以耗尽底部氧水平时,可发生局部缺氧。在CCB,缺氧预计将发展与一个强大的底部密度锋,发生在季节性密度跃层相交的海底。在这一位置,紧邻海底的强烈热分层抑制了湍流,阻止了通过垂直混合进行通风,前缘积累了有机物质,增强了这一位置的呼吸作用。为了在夏季条件下保持这种底锋,需要频繁的放松/下沉风。与底锋相关的氧气消耗机制与更常研究的上升流区域中的低氧驱动机制有根本不同。然而,它可能是重要的,在其他环境中,强烈的热分层和可变的风强迫。这项跨学科的研究将解决导致CCB缺氧的机制,并深入了解为什么低氧条件似乎在这个经济重要地区更频繁地发生。该小组将:1)大约每5天进行一次船载采样,以解决温度、盐度、溶解氧、叶绿素荧光和浊度的全三维分布以及这些变量如何对风强迫作出反应; 2)部署3个海底着陆器,跨越南北断面上的低氧区,连续记录海底温度、盐度、溶解氧和水柱循环;以及3)使用耦合的流体动力学-地球化学模型对该区域进行数值模拟,以更好地了解导致低底部氧的基本过程。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(1)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Unprecedented summer hypoxia in southern Cape Cod Bay: an ecological response to regional climate change?
科德角湾南部前所未有的夏季缺氧:对区域气候变化的生态反应?
  • DOI:
    10.5194/bg-19-3523-2022
  • 发表时间:
    2022
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    4.9
  • 作者:
    Scully, Malcolm E.;Geyer, W. Rockwell;Borkman, David;Pugh, Tracy L.;Costa, Amy;Nichols, Owen C.
  • 通讯作者:
    Nichols, Owen C.
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Malcolm Scully其他文献

Malcolm Scully的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Malcolm Scully', 18)}}的其他基金

Physical Control of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Flux in Estuaries
河口大气二氧化碳通量的物理控制
  • 批准号:
    2241792
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助金额:
    $ 16.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Air/Sea Energy Fluxes Mediated by Waves and Pressure Work
波浪和压力功介导的空气/海洋能量通量
  • 批准号:
    2023020
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 16.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Circulation and Mixing in a Coastally Trapped River Plume
合作研究:沿海被困河流羽流的循环和混合
  • 批准号:
    1334673
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 16.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: The Role of Wind in Estuarine Dynamics
合作研究:风在河口动力学中的作用
  • 批准号:
    1339032
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 16.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
CAREER: Physical Modulation of Dissolved Oxygen in Chesapeake Bay
职业:切萨皮克湾溶解氧的物理调节
  • 批准号:
    1338518
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 16.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Quantifying Stratified Turbulence in Estuaries
合作研究:量化河口层状湍流
  • 批准号:
    1338264
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 16.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: The Role of Wind in Estuarine Dynamics
合作研究:风在河口动力学中的作用
  • 批准号:
    1061562
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 16.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
CAREER: Physical Modulation of Dissolved Oxygen in Chesapeake Bay
职业:切萨皮克湾溶解氧的物理调节
  • 批准号:
    0954690
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 16.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Quantifying Stratified Turbulence in Estuaries
合作研究:量化河口层状湍流
  • 批准号:
    0825226
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 16.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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合作研究:成分和结构调制的铁弹性薄膜,具有前所未有的超弹性特性
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