Fundamental Investigations in Femtosecond Laser-based Additive Manufacturing with Functional Nanomaterials

功能纳米材料飞秒激光增材制造的基础研究

• 批准号: 2054104
• 负责人: Heng Pan
• 金额: $ 1.27万
• 依托单位: Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-10-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2054104&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Fundamental; Investigations; Femtosecond; Laser; based

With the coming era of the Internet-of-Things (IoT), there is an increasing need for miniaturized smart devices, such as smart sands, tags, and wearable/implantable devices, for various biomedical and environmental monitoring applications. Many critical components in these devices, such as sensors, antennas, inter-connects and batteries are not compatible with conventional Integrated Circuits (IC) processes used in the semiconductor industry. In addition, many devices need to be customized for their specific target applications, which could require three-dimensional nanostructures, heterogeneous materials integration, miniaturized form factor, and specified sensitivity, power density and life times. It is difficult for conventional semiconductor manufacturing foundries to accommodate these customized specifications due to the lack of flexibility in process and material choices. Micro and nanoscale additive manufacturing has the potential to meet such requirements. However, a technical breakthrough is still needed in this area to enable additive manufacturing of functional components with nanoscale resolution, quality and reliability commensurate with IC fabricated devices. This award supports fundamental research to form the knowledge base for development of nanoscale additive manufacturing (Nano-AM) processes for direct manufacturing of nano-devices. Multiple disciplines are involved in this research including nanomanufacturing, laser-nanomaterial interaction, surface science, and multiscale transport phenomena. Results from this research will enhance the U.S. competence in advanced manufacturing industry by providing paradigm-changing manufacturing technique in the era of IoT. The integration of the research results into curriculum development, undergraduate and minority students research opportunities and hands-on projects for K-12 students will enhance the students' knowledge and foster innovation in advanced manufacturing.Current nanoscale additive manufacturing is limited by the lack of capability to fabricate 3D nonpolymer functional devices. To overcome this limit, this research employs non-polymer (metal, semiconductor and dielectric) nanomaterials as building blocks and aims at understanding and exploiting unique behaviors of these nanomaterials under ultrafast laser excitation to enable 3D Nano-AM processes. Firstly, fundamental mechanisms leading to femtosecond laser induced ionization and surface modification of nanomaterials will be explored. Secondly, the correlations between laser excitation (ionization and modification) and induced nanomaterial assembly, deposition and sintering behaviors will be established. Multiscale modeling and simulations (Ab initio, classical Molecular Dynamics and Brownian Dynamics) will be performed to understand experimental results over different temporal and spatial scales. Finally, a physics-based model relating nanomaterials properties, laser excitation conditions with the morphology and properties of manufactured nanostructures will be developed.

随着物联网（IoT）时代的到来，对于各种生物医学和环境监测应用的小型化智能设备（如智能砂、标签和可穿戴/植入式设备）的需求越来越大。这些设备中的许多关键部件，如传感器、天线、互连和电池，与半导体工业中使用的传统集成电路（IC）工艺不兼容。此外，许多器件需要针对其特定的目标应用进行定制，这可能需要三维纳米结构、异质材料集成、小型化的外形因素以及指定的灵敏度、功率密度和寿命。由于在工艺和材料选择上缺乏灵活性，传统的半导体制造代工厂很难适应这些定制规格。微纳米级的增材制造有可能满足这些要求。然而，在这一领域仍然需要技术突破，使增材制造的功能部件具有纳米级的分辨率、质量和可靠性，与集成电路制造的设备相匹配。该奖项支持基础研究，以形成用于直接制造纳米器件的纳米级增材制造（Nano-AM）工艺开发的知识库。该研究涉及多个学科，包括纳米制造、激光-纳米材料相互作用、表面科学和多尺度输运现象。这一研究成果将为美国提供物联网时代的颠覆性制造技术，从而提高美国在先进制造业的竞争力。将研究成果整合到课程开发，本科生和少数民族学生的研究机会以及K-12学生的动手项目中，将增强学生的知识并促进先进制造业的创新。目前的纳米级增材制造受到缺乏制造3D非聚合物功能器件能力的限制。为了克服这一限制，本研究采用非聚合物（金属、半导体和电介质）纳米材料作为构建模块，旨在了解和利用这些纳米材料在超快激光激发下的独特行为，以实现3D纳米增材制造工艺。首先，探讨飞秒激光诱导纳米材料电离和表面修饰的基本机理。其次，建立激光激发（电离和修饰）与诱导纳米材料组装、沉积和烧结行为之间的相关性。将进行多尺度建模和模拟（从头算，经典分子动力学和布朗动力学），以了解不同时间和空间尺度的实验结果。最后，建立了纳米材料性能、激光激发条件与纳米结构的形貌和性能之间的物理模型。

项目成果

Aerosol printing and flash sintering of conformal conductors on 3D nonplanar surfaces

• DOI: 10.1016/j.mfglet.2021.09.007
• 发表时间: 2021-09
• 期刊: Manufacturing Letters
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: I-Meng Chen;Yangtao Liu;Xiaowei Yu;W. Everhart;Jonghyun Park;Yan Wang;H. Pan

Ultrafast, Non‐Equilibrium and Transient Heating and Sintering of Nanocrystals for Nanoscale Metal Printing

用于纳米级金属打印的纳米晶体的超快、非平衡和瞬时加热和烧结

• DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103436
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Small
• 影响因子: 13.3
• 作者: Podder, Chinmoy;Gong, Xiangtao;Pan, Heng
• 通讯作者: Pan, Heng

Additive Manufacturing of Sandwich–Structured Conductors for Applications in Flexible and Stretchable Electronics

• DOI: 10.1002/adem.202100286
• 发表时间: 2021-07
• 期刊: Advanced Engineering Materials
• 影响因子: 3.6
• 作者: Xiaowei Yu;Xiangtao Gong;Chinmoy Podder;B. Ludwig;I-Meng Chen;Wan Shou;Alexis Alvidrez;Genda Chen;Xian Huang;H. Pan