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Collaborative research: Wind erodibility of salt-affected soils

合作研究：盐渍土壤的风蚀性

基本信息

批准号：
2054170
负责人：
Sujith Ravi
金额：
$ 22.89万
依托单位：
Temple University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-08-01 至 2025-07-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2054170&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative research Wind erodibility salt

项目摘要

The accumulation of salts and accelerated soil erosion are two major soil degradation issues affecting agriculture around the world, particularly in regions with high evaporative demand, shallow water tables or in those irrigated with water rich in dissolved solids. The effect of salinization on soil erodibility by wind and the associated dust emissions remain poorly understood. These processes are responsible for numerous impacts on human health, soil productivity, ecosystem dynamics, and climate over large areas of the United States and the world. The proposed research will investigate how soil salinity and sodicity affect soil susceptibility to wind erosion and the associated dust emissions. With successful completion of this research, better understanding of the interactions between land use practices contributing to soil salinity/sodicity and wind erosion susceptibility will enable better prediction of wind erosion and improved management of lands susceptible to degradation. The proposed research also seeks to integrate education and research through opportunities in undergraduate and graduate education, active recruitment of students from underrepresented groups, and outreach to K-12 educators.This proposal investigates a new fundamental soil and geomorphic process (i.e., salt-induced enhancement of soil erodibility) and provides a new mechanistic framework for its explanation. The proposed research will use a combination of experimental and theoretical analyses to investigate the effect of soil salinity and sodicity on interparticle bonding forces and, consequently, soil erodibility by wind. Wind tunnel tests will be used to evaluate soil erodibility under a wide range of soil salt concentrations, soil textures, and moisture scenarios both in the lab and in the field. Laboratory experiments will directly and indirectly measure the changes in interparticle bonding forces associated with such scenarios. A theoretical framework will be developed to explain the observed changes in soil erodibility by accounting for the changes in interparticle bonding forces in salt-affected soils.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

盐分累积和土壤侵蚀加速是影响世界各地农业的两个主要土壤退化问题，特别是在蒸发需求高的地区、地下水位浅的地区或用富含溶解固体的水灌溉的地区。盐碱化对土壤可被风侵蚀的影响以及与之相关的粉尘排放仍然知之甚少。这些过程对美国和世界大片地区的人类健康、土壤生产力、生态系统动态和气候造成了许多影响。拟议的研究将调查土壤盐分和碱度如何影响土壤对风蚀的敏感性和相关的粉尘排放。随着这项研究的成功完成，更好地了解导致土壤盐碱化的土地利用做法与风蚀易感性之间的相互作用，将能够更好地预测风蚀，并改进对易退化土地的管理。这项拟议的研究还试图通过在本科和研究生教育中的机会，积极从代表性不足的群体中招收学生，以及与K-12教育工作者接触来整合教育和研究。这项建议调查了一个新的基本土壤和地貌过程(即盐分诱导的土壤可蚀性增强)，并为其解释提供了一个新的机制框架。这项拟议的研究将使用实验和理论分析相结合的方法来研究土壤盐分和碱度对颗粒间粘结力的影响，从而研究土壤被风侵蚀的能力。风洞试验将用于在实验室和野外广泛的土壤盐分浓度、土壤质地和湿度情景下评估土壤的可蚀性。实验室实验将直接和间接测量与这种情况相关的颗粒间结合力的变化。将开发一个理论框架来解释观察到的土壤可蚀性的变化，解释受盐分影响的土壤中颗粒间粘结力的变化。这一奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。