EAGER: Filling a Crucial Oceanographic Observation Gap in the Southern Ocean with Animal-borne Instruments

EAGER：利用动物传播仪器填补南大洋重要的海洋学观测空白

• 批准号: 2054963
• 负责人: Luis Huckstadt
• 金额: $ 15.29万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Cruz
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-02-01 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2054963&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Filling; Crucial; Oceanographic; Observation

Part 1: Non-technical description Many processes that dominate coastal waters in the Southern Ocean are poorly studied due to the occurrence of sea ice and land glaciers/ice sheets that prevent access to study areas. Coastal ice prevents use of traditional moorings and glider-based research approaches that are common tools to evaluate the structure and dynamics of coastal systems in lower latitudes. During the past two decades there has been an explosive increase in the use of Animal-Borne instruments (ABI) on Southern Oceans marine mammals to collect data on aspects such as patterns of habitat usage, migratory routes, foraging and reproductive hot-spots, and impacts of human activities near marine predators. ABI sensors have been collecting data on aspects such as temperature, salinity, light, fluorescence and other aspects that could supplement sparse traditional ocean measurements from ship-based and offshore mooring-based observations. This study will assemble many datasets collected by a diverse community of instrumented marine mammals inhabiting the regions near the Southern Shetlands Islands and Kerguelen Island. ABI data will be quality controlled and evaluated for use to explore oceanographic aspects such as variability in mixed layer depth, fresh (melt) water intrusions, light penetration and surface temperature variability in coastal areas that will supplement other datasets. The project involves international collaborators and will train a graduate student in data analysis. Broader impacts will also be accomplished through the development of learning modules for use in elementary and high-school classrooms. Part II: Technical description: This study will evaluate the potential of 30 years of archival Animal-Borne Instrument (ABI) datasets from a variety of marine predators for oceanographic studies in two regions of the Southern Ocean. Animal tracking data will be quality controlled and processed to obtain location-based measurements of depth, temperature, light, and salinity in near-shore and under ice regions. Nearshore and under ice collected datasets will be analyzed to determine the feasibility of ABI data to explore features such as coastal mixed layer depth, melt water intrusions and light penetration that could supplement more traditional, but further from shore, ocean observing system data. Data from poorly studied hotspot regions where predators feed could be of particular importance. Results will be shared using collaborations among U.S. and international organizations such as Scientific Committee for Antarctic Research (SCAR) and the Southern Ocean Observing Systems (SOOS), among others. Data will be made available using public databases for the benefit of the scientific community.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

第一部分：由于海冰和陆地冰川/冰盖的出现阻止了进入研究区域，对南大洋沿海沃茨的许多主要过程的研究很少。沿海冰层阻碍了传统的系泊和滑翔机研究方法的使用，而这些方法是评估低纬度沿海系统结构和动态的常用工具。在过去的二十年里，使用动物传播仪器（ABI）对南大洋海洋哺乳动物收集数据的数量急剧增加，这些数据涉及栖息地使用模式、迁徙路线、觅食和生殖热点以及人类活动对海洋捕食者的影响等方面。ABI传感器一直在收集温度、盐度、光、荧光和其他方面的数据，这些数据可以补充船基和近海系泊观测中稀疏的传统海洋测量。这项研究将汇集许多数据集收集的不同社区的仪表海洋哺乳动物居住在附近的地区南设得兰群岛和凯尔盖朗岛。将对ABI数据进行质量控制和评价，以用于探索海洋学方面，如混合层深度的变化、淡水（融水）侵入、光穿透和沿海地区的表面温度变化，以补充其他数据集。该项目涉及国际合作者，并将培训一名数据分析研究生。还将通过开发供小学和中学课堂使用的学习模块，实现更广泛的影响。第二部分：技术说明：这项研究将评估30年的档案动物传播仪器（ABI）数据集的潜力，从各种海洋捕食者的海洋学研究在南大洋的两个地区。动物跟踪数据将进行质量控制和处理，以获得基于位置的近岸和冰下地区深度、温度、光照和盐度的测量结果。将对收集到的海岸和冰下数据集进行分析，以确定ABI数据用于探索沿海混合层深度、融水侵入和光穿透等特征的可行性，这些特征可以补充更传统但远离海岸的海洋观测系统数据。来自捕食者觅食的研究不足的热点地区的数据可能特别重要。结果将通过美国和国际组织之间的合作进行共享，如南极研究科学委员会（SCAR）和南大洋观测系统（SOOS）等。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。