Collaborative Research: P2C2--Reconstructing Tropical Cyclone Precipitation throughout the Southeastern United States

合作研究：P2C2——重建美国东南部的热带气旋降水

• 批准号: 2102938
• 负责人: Grant Harley
• 金额: $ 12.87万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Idaho
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2102938&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; P2C2; Reconstructing; Tropical

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).The research team aims to produce long-term annually resolved well-replicated latewood tree-ring width data by generating regional TCP (tropical depressions, tropical storms, and hurricanes precipitation) reconstructions across the Southeast United States spanning the past approximately 300 years. Longer TCP records (i.e., records that extend beyond the instrumental period) for the region could provide new information regarding: (1) past and current spatiotemporal characteristics of TCP variability; (2) the full range and amplitude of pre-instrumental TCP; (3) the historical precedence of recent large TCP producing storms such as Hurricane Harvey and Florence and, (4) the influence of oceanic and atmospheric forcing mechanisms on centennial-scale TCP variability and the sensitivity of TCP changes to these forcing mechanisms.Landfalling tropical cyclones (TCs; tropical depressions, tropical storms, and hurricanes) impact coastal and inland communities due to strong winds, storm surges, and flooding caused by heavy rainfall. While much research effort has focused on studying the magnitude and spatiotemporal variability of TC strength and landfall frequency across the southeastern U.S., the variability of rainfall derived from TCs for this region remains understudied. This project seeks to provide new information on TCP in the Southeast through analysis of existing instrumental climate records and the development and application of multi-century tree-ring proxy records. The overall objective for the research is to provide a paleoclimate reconstruction of TCP throughout the Southeast using a combination of old growth, older second-growth, and remnant stumps of longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) throughout the range of the species. The research team will test the hypotheses that: (1) the strong relationship between TCP and latewood growth of longleaf pine will allow for the development of a robust multi-century record that documents the spatiotemporal magnitude and variability of TCP within the Southeast U.S.; and (2) large-scale oceanic–atmospheric conditions will interact and exhibit substantive control over the timing and volume of TCP received in the Southeast.The potential Broader Impacts include greater understanding of precipitation from tropical weather systems in the Southeastern United States, engaging undergraduate and high school students, many of whom are from groups traditionally underrepresented in STEM (special needs students, native American students, first generation college students) in the research and outreach efforts, and science and technology transfer to the US Forest Service.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项全部或部分由2021年美国救援计划法案（公法117-2）资助。该研究小组的目标是通过生成美国东南部过去约300年的区域TCP（热带低压，热带风暴和飓风降水）重建来产生长期的年度解析复制良好的晚材树轮宽度数据。 更长的TCP记录（即，（1）TCP变率的过去和现在的时空特征;（2）TCP变率的全范围和幅度;（3）最近产生TCP的大型风暴（如飓风哈维和佛罗伦萨）的历史优先性，（4）海洋和大气强迫机制对百年尺度TCP变率的影响以及TCP变化对这些强迫机制的敏感性。热带低气压、热带风暴和飓风（英语：TCs; tropical depression，tropical storm，hurricanes）因强风、风暴潮和暴雨引发的洪水影响沿海和内陆社区。 虽然许多研究工作都集中在研究美国东南部TC强度和登陆频率的大小和时空变化，该地区TC得出的降雨量的变化仍然没有得到充分的研究。该项目旨在通过分析现有的仪器气候记录以及开发和应用多世纪树木年轮代理记录，提供东南部TCP的新信息。 这项研究的总体目标是提供一个古气候重建TCP整个东南部使用的组合老增长，老第二次增长，和残桩长叶松（松沼泽）在整个范围内的物种。研究小组将测试以下假设：（1）TCP和长叶松晚材生长之间的密切关系将允许开发一个强大的多世纪记录，记录美国东南部TCP的时空幅度和变化;大规模的海洋-大气条件将相互作用，并对东南部接收到的TCP的时间和数量表现出实质性的控制。潜在的更广泛的影响包括更好地了解美国东南部热带天气系统的降水，吸引本科生和高中生，其中许多人来自传统上在STEM中代表性不足的群体（特殊需要学生，美国土著学生，第一代大学生）在研究和推广工作中，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查进行评估，被认为值得支持的搜索.