An Experimental Investigation of the Formation of Complex Organic Molecules in Interstellar Analog Ices

星际模拟冰中复杂有机分子形成的实验研究

• 批准号: 2103269
• 负责人: Ralf Kaiser
• 金额: $ 42.07万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2103269&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Experimental; Investigation; Formation; Complex; Organic

This research project will investigate the formation of complex organic molecules (COMs) containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms on ice analog samples resembling interstellar ices. To study this problem, the investigators will perform laboratory experiments on ice analogs at conditions mimicking the environment of interstellar space, viz. ultra-high vacuum, low temperatures, and exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Results from the study will allow astronomers to understand how certain key COMs are formed on ices within interstellar clouds and the processes that generate molecular complexity in space. This project will provide training in advanced laboratory astrophysics to graduate and undergraduate students, including ones from groups traditionally underrepresented in STEM. The team will also give popular science lectures at local high schools, enabling educators to incorporate research into teaching and attract students to pursue STEM careers.The research team will explore the synthesis of key classes of COMs – aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, and amides – on interstellar ice analogs. They will do so by exposing interstellar ice analog samples to Lyman alpha radiation in a low-temperature, ultra-high vacuum space simulation chamber. The molecules produced in the experiment will be characterized in a highly complementary manner using infrared, Raman, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, as well as mass spectrometry. The measurements will yield reliable reaction rates and branching fractions necessary to accurately interpret astronomical observations of COMs.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该研究项目将研究含有碳，氢，氧和氮原子的复杂有机分子（COM）在类似星际冰的冰模拟样品上的形成。 为了研究这个问题，研究人员将在模拟星际空间环境的条件下对冰类似物进行实验室实验，即超高真空，低温和暴露于紫外线辐射。 这项研究的结果将使天文学家能够了解某些关键的COM是如何在星际云中的冰上形成的，以及在太空中产生分子复杂性的过程。 该项目将为研究生和本科生提供先进的实验室天体物理学培训，包括传统上在STEM中代表性不足的群体。 该团队还将在当地高中开展科普讲座，使教育工作者能够将研究融入教学，吸引学生从事STEM职业。研究团队将探索在星际冰类似物上合成关键类别的COM-醛，酮，羧酸，酯和酰胺。 他们将在一个低温、超高真空的空间模拟室中将星际冰模拟样品暴露在莱曼α辐射下。 实验中产生的分子将使用红外、拉曼和紫外-可见光谱以及质谱以高度互补的方式进行表征。 该测量将产生可靠的反应速率和分支分数，以准确地解释天文观测的COMs。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准的支持。

项目成果

Prebiotic Synthesis and Isomerization in Interstellar Analog Ice: Glycinal, Acetamide, and Their Enol Tautomers

星际模拟冰中的益生元合成和异构化：甘氨酸、乙酰胺及其烯醇互变异构体

• DOI: 10.1002/ange.202218645
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Angewandte Chemie
• 作者: Marks, Joshua H.;Wang, Jia;Kleimeier, N. Fabian;Turner, Andrew M.;Eckhardt, André K.;Kaiser, Ralf I.
• 通讯作者: Kaiser, Ralf I.

Excited state photochemically driven surface formation of benzene from acetylene ices on Pluto and in the outer solar system

冥王星和太阳系外乙炔冰的激发态光化学驱动表面形成苯

• DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04959c
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: N. Fabian Kleimeier;Yiwei Liu;Andrew M. Turner;Leslie A. Young;Chih-Hao Chin;Tao Yang;Xiao He;Jen-Iu Lo;Bing-Ming Cheng;Ralf I. Kaiser
• 通讯作者: Ralf I. Kaiser

A Mechanistic Study on the Formation of Acetone (CH 3 COCH 3 ), Propanal (CH 3 CH 2 CHO), Propylene Oxide (c-CH 3 CHOCH 2 ) along with Their Propenol Enols (CH 3 CHCHOH/CH 3 C(OH)CH 2 ) in Interstellar Analog Ices

丙酮(CH 3 COCH 3 )、丙醛(CH 3 CH 2 CHO)、环氧丙烷(c-CH 3 CHOCH 2 )及其丙烯醇烯醇(CH 3 CHCHOH/CH 3 C(OH))形成机理研究

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac8c92
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Singh, Santosh K.;Fabian Kleimeier, N.;Eckhardt, André K.;Kaiser, Ralf I.
• 通讯作者: Kaiser, Ralf I.

Mechanistical study on the formation of hydroxyacetone (CH 3 COCH 2 OH), methyl acetate (CH 3 COOCH 3 ), and 3-hydroxypropanal (HCOCH 2 CH 2 OH) along with their enol tautomers (prop-1-ene-1,2-diol (CH 3 C(OH)CHOH), prop-2-ene-1,2-diol (CH 2 C(OH)CH 2 OH)

羟基丙酮 (CH 3 COCH 2 OH)、乙酸甲酯 (CH 3 COOCH 3 ) 和 3-羟基丙醛 (HCOCH 2 CH 2 OH) 及其烯醇互变异构体 (prop-1-ene-1,2) 的形成机理研究

• DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03543j
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Wang, Jia;Marks, Joshua H.;Turner, Andrew M.;Nikolayev, Anatoliy A.;Azyazov, Valeriy;Mebel, Alexander M.;Kaiser, Ralf I.
• 通讯作者: Kaiser, Ralf I.

Low‐Temperature Thermal Formation of the Cyclic Methylphosphonic Acid Trimer [ c ‐(CH 3 PO 2 ) 3 ]

环状甲基膦酸三聚体的低温热形成 [ c →(CH 3 PO 2 ) 3 ]

• DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200660
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: ChemPhysChem
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Zhang, Chaojiang;Turner, Andrew M.;Wang, Jia;Marks, Joshua H.;Fortenberry, Ryan C.;Kaiser, Ralf I.
• 通讯作者: Kaiser, Ralf I.