Mechanisms to support word learning in a non-native language

支持非母语单词学习的机制

• 批准号: 2105195
• 负责人: Shiloh Drake
• 金额: $ 13.8万
• 依托单位: Drake, Shiloh
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2105195&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Mechanisms; support; word; learning; non

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2). This award was provided as part of NSF's Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences Postdoctoral Research Fellowships (SPRF) program. The goal of the SPRF program is to prepare promising, early career doctoral-level scientists for scientific careers in academia, industry or private sector, and government. SPRF awards involve two years of training under the sponsorship of established scientists and encourage Postdoctoral Fellows to perform independent research. NSF seeks to promote the participation of scientists from all segments of the scientific community, including those from underrepresented groups, in its research programs and activities; the postdoctoral period is considered to be an important level of professional development in attaining this goal. Each Postdoctoral Fellow must address important scientific questions that advance their respective disciplinary fields. Under the sponsorship of Dr. Melissa M. Baese-Berk at the University of Oregon, this postdoctoral fellowship award supports an early career scientist investigating processes that affect language learning as an adult. We effortlessly incorporate new words like kvetch and Google into our native language structure, but we have much more difficulty learning how words are structured in the languages we learn as adults. Languages like Arabic present a particular challenge for English speakers to learn due to its word formation processes being dramatically different from English: for example, while book and cat become books and cats in English, kitaab (book) and qitta (cat) become kutub (books) and qitaat (cats) in Arabic. Which factors affect how well we learn these patterns in languages that we learn as adults?By knowing more about the factors that influence adult word learning and exploring the types of errors that adults make in the early stages of learning a language, we can develop a more nuanced view of how language learning happens in the fully developed adult mind. This research will also provide insight into one of the key theoretical questions in language acquisition: Why are we able to continue learning and integrating new words in our primary language throughout our lifespan, but have difficulty learning nativelike structural properties of words in languages we acquire as adults? The three proposed manipulations take advantage of common techniques and limitations in the second language classroom to better connect the existing psycholinguistics literature in processing and the existing second language acquisition and pedagogy literature. The proposed project uses an artificial grammar learning paradigm that incorporates different word formation patterns while different learning scenarios are tested. This will provide us with further knowledge about which of the scenarios are most effective for word learning, and can be incorporated into classroom pedagogy.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项全部或部分根据2021年美国救援计划法案（公法117-2）资助。该奖项是作为NSF的社会，行为和经济科学博士后研究奖学金（SPRF）计划的一部分提供的。SPRF计划的目标是为学术界，工业或私营部门和政府的科学事业准备有前途的早期职业博士级科学家。SPRF的奖励包括在知名科学家的赞助下进行两年的培训，并鼓励博士后研究员进行独立研究。NSF致力于促进来自科学界各部门的科学家，包括来自代表性不足的群体的科学家参与其研究计划和活动;博士后期间被认为是实现这一目标的专业发展的重要水平。每个博士后研究员必须解决推进各自学科领域的重要科学问题。在Melissa M博士的赞助下，俄勒冈州大学的Baese-Berk博士，这个博士后奖学金支持早期职业科学家调查影响成年人语言学习的过程。我们毫不费力地将kvetch和Google等新词融入我们的母语结构，但我们在学习成年人学习的语言中单词的结构时要困难得多。像阿拉伯语这样的语言对英语使用者来说是一个特殊的挑战，因为它的构词过程与英语截然不同：例如，在英语中，book和cat变成了书和猫，kitaab（书）和qitta（猫）变成了kutub（书）和qitaat（猫）。哪些因素会影响我们在成年后学习这些语言模式的效果？通过更多地了解影响成年人单词学习的因素，并探索成年人在学习语言的早期阶段所犯的错误类型，我们可以对语言学习如何在充分发展的成年人头脑中发生产生更微妙的看法。这项研究还将深入了解语言习得中的一个关键理论问题：为什么我们能够在整个生命周期中继续学习和整合我们的主要语言中的新单词，但在学习我们成年后获得的语言中的单词的母语结构特性时却有困难？这三个建议的操纵利用第二语言课堂上的常见技术和局限性，以更好地连接现有的心理语言学文献处理和现有的第二语言习得和教育学文献。拟议的项目使用人工语法学习范式，结合不同的构词模式，而不同的学习场景进行测试。这将为我们提供进一步的知识，哪些场景是最有效的单词学习，并可以纳入课堂教学。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准的支持。