Identifying local-to-global "win-win" solutions for human health and sustainability through infectious disease control

通过传染病控制确定人类健康和可持续发展的地方到全球“双赢”解决方案

• 批准号: 2109293
• 负责人: Jason Rohr
• 金额: $ 250万
• 依托单位: University of Notre Dame
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-01 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2109293&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Identifying; local; global; win; solutions

The unprecedented rate of infectious disease emergence, the need to feed 11 billion people by 2100, widespread poverty, and rapid degradation of the environment represent some of the most formidable ecological and public health problems of the 21st century. Because health often drives policies across the globe and is regularly linked to ecology, it can be a vital lever for securing a sustainable future for the developing world, where disease, poverty, and human population growth are most rampant, and resources to address these issues are most limited. The research team investigates how disease control strategies at local-to-global scales benefit human and environmental health. This study builds on the facts that part of every calorie that the more than 1.5 billion worm-infected humans on the planet consume is wasted on feeding or combating these worms, that mass drug administration (MDA) to treat worm infections is cheap and cost-effective, and that fertilizers that wash off an agricultural field fuel waterborne worm infections and reduce water quality. Reducing food wasted on parasitic worms would provide more food for humans and reduce the conversion of natural areas to agriculture, simultaneously mitigating disease, hunger, poverty, climate change, and ecosystem service deficits. Specifically, the research team tests the efficacy of controlling the disease schistosomiasis by removing aquatic vegetation that harbors the snails that are the source of the worms that infect humans. The fieldwork is carried out in Senegal and serves as a prototype for how the management of infectious diseases can promote sustainability across the planet. This project is transformative because it innovatively integrates principles of ecology, disease biology, and socio-economics to develop mitigation strategies and policy recommendations to address global ecological and public health problems. The project provides research opportunities for a postdoctoral researcher and undergraduate and graduate students, including individuals from underserved groups, and it promotes international collaboration with scientists in Senegal. The first aim of this project is to conduct a global bioeconomic analysis to holistically quantify the substantial economic benefits of MDA to treat human helminths, which, in turn, should more widely promote the use of MDA to reduce not only disease but also undernutrition, poverty, and environmental harm. The second aim of this project is to use randomized control clinical trials to evaluate whether harvesting aquatic vegetation and using it as compost, livestock feed, or fuel for gas-producing biodigesters will decrease human waterborne diseases and poverty, reduce water pollution by recycling nitrogen and phosphorous captured in the plants, and increase profits, open water access, and food and energy production. The third aim of this project is to begin to integrate, translate, and scale these innovations using remote sensing technology to map the abundance of aquatic vegetation and village remoteness. The bioeconomic experimental and mathematical approaches used in this project are general in their construction, offering broad generalizability of the theoretical aspects of this project beyond the specific parasites and locations of empirical work. This allows the project to serve as a blueprint for how to i) disrupt poverty-disease traps, ii) design and test incentives for community-led maintenance of public health benefits, iii) predict the effects of environmental change on the transmission of other parasites, and importantly, iv) synergistically integrate socio-economic and environmental systems to develop innovations that simultaneously improve human health and sustainability. The results from this study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, a public seminar series in the U.S. and Senegal, and workshops at Senegalese research centers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

传染病出现的空前速度、到2100年要养活110亿人的需要、普遍的贫困和环境的迅速退化，是21世纪世纪最可怕的生态和公共卫生问题。由于卫生往往推动地球仪的政策，并经常与生态相联系，因此卫生可以成为确保发展中国家可持续未来的重要杠杆，因为在发展中国家，疾病、贫困和人口增长最为猖獗，而解决这些问题的资源最为有限。该研究小组调查了从地方到全球范围的疾病控制策略如何有益于人类和环境健康。这项研究的基础是，地球上超过15亿受蠕虫感染的人类消耗的每一卡路里的一部分都浪费在喂养或对抗这些蠕虫上，大规模药物管理（MDA）治疗蠕虫感染是廉价和具有成本效益的，以及从农田中洗掉的肥料会助长水传播的蠕虫感染并降低水质。减少浪费在寄生蠕虫上的食物将为人类提供更多的食物，并减少自然区域向农业的转化，同时减轻疾病，饥饿，贫困，气候变化和生态系统服务赤字。具体来说，研究小组测试了控制血吸虫病的有效性，方法是清除水生植被，这些水生植被是感染人类的蠕虫的来源。实地工作在塞内加尔进行，并作为传染病管理如何促进全球可持续性的原型。该项目具有变革性，因为它创新性地整合了生态学，疾病生物学和社会经济学的原则，以制定缓解战略和政策建议，以解决全球生态和公共卫生问题。该项目为一名博士后研究员、本科生和研究生，包括来自服务不足群体的个人提供研究机会，并促进与塞内加尔科学家的国际合作。该项目的第一个目标是进行全球生物经济分析，全面量化MDA治疗人类蠕虫的实质性经济效益，从而更广泛地促进MDA的使用，不仅减少疾病，还减少营养不良，贫困和环境危害。该项目的第二个目标是使用随机对照临床试验来评估收获水生植被并将其用作堆肥，牲畜饲料或产气生物消化器的燃料是否会减少人类水传播疾病和贫困，通过回收植物中捕获的氮和磷来减少水污染，并增加利润，开放水域，以及粮食和能源生产。该项目的第三个目标是开始整合、转化和扩大这些创新，利用遥感技术绘制水生植被的丰富程度和村庄的偏远程度。在这个项目中使用的生物经济学实验和数学方法是一般的，在他们的建设，提供了广泛的概括性的理论方面，这个项目超出了特定的寄生虫和经验工作的位置。这使得该项目可以作为一个蓝图，用于i）打破贫困-疾病陷阱，ii）设计和测试社区主导的公共卫生福利维护激励措施，iii）预测环境变化对其他寄生虫传播的影响，重要的是，iv）协同整合社会经济和环境系统，以开发同时改善人类健康和可持续性的创新。这项研究的结果将通过同行评审的出版物、在美国和塞内加尔的公开研讨会系列以及在塞内加尔研究中心的研讨会进行传播。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。

项目成果

Experimental evidence that host species composition alters host–pathogen dynamics in a ranavirus–amphibian assemblage

宿主物种组成改变蛙病毒-两栖动物组合中宿主-病原体动态的实验证据

• DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3885
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Ecology
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Snyder, Paul W.;Ramsay, Chloe T.;Harjoe, Carmen C.;Khazan, Emily S.;Briggs, Cheryl J.;Hoverman, Jason Todd;Johnson, Pieter T.;Preston, Daniel;Rohr, Jason R.;Blaustein, Andrew R.
• 通讯作者: Blaustein, Andrew R.

Variability in environmental persistence but not per capita transmission rates of the amphibian chytrid fungus leads to differences in host infection prevalence

环境持久性的变化而非两栖壶菌的人均传播率导致宿主感染流行率的差异

• DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13612
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of Animal Ecology
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Rumschlag, Samantha L.;Roth, Sadie A.;McMahon, Taegan A.;Rohr, Jason R.;Civitello, David J.
• 通讯作者: Civitello, David J.

Pathogenic fungus causes density‐ and trait‐mediated trophic cascades in an aquatic community

• DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4043
• 发表时间: 2022-04
• 期刊: Ecosphere
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Carmen C. Harjoe;J. Buck;Jason Rohr;Claire E. Roberts;D. Olson;A. Blaustein

Pyrethroid insecticides pose greater risk than organophosphate insecticides to biocontrol agents for human schistosomiasis

• DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120952
• 发表时间: 2023-01-10
• 期刊: ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
• 影响因子: 8.9
• 作者: Haggerty，Christopher J. E.;Delius，Bryan K.;Rohr，Jason R.
• 通讯作者: Rohr，Jason R.

Identity and density of parasite exposures alter the outcome of coinfections: Implications for management

寄生虫暴露的身份和密度改变了合并感染的结果：对管理的影响

• DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14332
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Applied Ecology
• 影响因子: 5.7
• 作者: Ramsay, Chloe;Rohr, Jason R.
• 通讯作者: Rohr, Jason R.