Spin Squeezing and Entanglement in Bose-Einstein Condensates

玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚中的自旋挤压和纠缠

• 批准号: 2110467
• 负责人: Michael Chapman
• 金额: $ 65.51万
• 依托单位: Georgia Tech Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2110467&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Spin; Squeezing; Entanglement; Bose; Einstein

This research will advance the state of the art in quantum-enhanced metrology, in which measurements of technically important quantities such as time and frequency, electro-magnetic fields and inertial forces are made with sensitivities approaching the limits set by fundamental quantum theory. Technological off-shoots of this research could lead to precision sensors for navigation and magnetometry, atomic clocks and emerging quantum technologies, including quantum computing, quantum simulation and quantum communication. The primary activity of the research is experimental investigation of ultracold atoms cooled to near absolute zero temperature where they form a uniquely quantum coherent state of matter known as a Bose-Einstein condensate. The experiments are performed by graduate students and undergraduate students who gain important expertise in the advanced laboratory techniques and quantum science. Additionally, the research is disseminated to a broad audience by incorporating results into classroom lectures, maintaining a dynamic website, hosting laboratory tours, making visits to local schools and facilitating popular press releases about the work. Specifically, this research project will investigate quantum squeezed and entangled states in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates with internal spin degrees of freedom. The investigations employ rubidium atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) confined in optical traps. The dynamic evolution of the internal spin degrees of freedom of the ensemble of atoms results from spin-dependent collisional interactions that generate quantum correlated or entangled states of the spin ensembles. This quantum system is simple enough so that both the ground state and evolution of non-equilibrium excited states can be quantitatively compared to theoretical predictions. Yet it offers a rich array of phenomena including spontaneous symmetry-breaking, entangled states and non-trivial geometric phases. The experimental platform provides a powerful combination of tools to explore important topics including quantum critical phenomena and the generation of massively entangled states. A common theme of the research is the role of finite size effects that are manifested in the quantum fluctuations of the system, and these studies will provide insight into fundamental principles of many-particle quantum mechanics that are important to many areas of physics. This work will build upon recent investigations of quantum spin dynamics that include the measurement of spin-nematic squeezing, demonstration of dynamical stabilization and parametric excitation, high precision studies of a second order quantum phase transition, and exploration of Kibble-Zurek universality in excitations across a quantum critical point.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项研究将推进量子增强计量学的最新发展，在量子增强计量学中，对时间和频率、电磁场和惯性力等技术上重要的量进行测量，其灵敏度接近基本量子理论设定的极限。这项研究的技术分支可能会产生用于导航和磁力测量的精密传感器、原子钟和新兴的量子技术，包括量子计算、量子模拟和量子通信。该研究的主要活动是对冷却到接近绝对零度的超冷原子进行实验研究，在那里它们形成了一种独特的量子相干态，称为玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚态。实验由研究生和本科生进行，他们在先进的实验室技术和量子科学方面获得了重要的专业知识。此外，还通过将研究结果纳入课堂讲座、维持一个动态网站、主办实验室图尔斯参观、访问当地学校和促进有关这项工作的大众新闻稿等方式，向广大受众传播研究成果。具体而言，本研究计划将研究具有内部自旋自由度的原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中的量子压缩和纠缠态。该研究使用限制在光阱中的铷原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体（BEC）。原子系综内部自旋自由度的动态演化是由自旋相关的碰撞相互作用产生的，碰撞相互作用产生自旋系综的量子关联或纠缠态。这个量子系统是足够简单的，因此基态和非平衡激发态的演化可以定量地与理论预测进行比较。 然而，它提供了丰富的现象，包括自发破缺，纠缠态和非平凡的几何相位。该实验平台提供了一个强大的工具组合来探索重要的主题，包括量子临界现象和大规模纠缠态的产生。研究的一个共同主题是有限尺寸效应在系统量子涨落中的作用，这些研究将深入了解对许多物理领域都很重要的多粒子量子力学的基本原理。这项工作将建立在量子自旋动力学的最新研究基础上，包括自旋向列压缩的测量、动力学稳定和参数激发的演示、二阶量子相变的高精度研究，和Kibble的探索-Zurek在量子临界点激发的普遍性。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的学术价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

Fast Generation of Time-Stationary Spin-1 Squeezed States by Nonadiabatic Control

• DOI: 10.1103/prxquantum.3.010328
• 发表时间: 2021-09
• 期刊: PRX Quantum
• 影响因子: 9.7
• 作者: Lin Xin;M. Chapman;T. Kennedy