Large wood in low-gradient floodplain rivers: Spatial distribution, physical controls, and geomorphic effects

低坡度洪泛区河流中的大型木材：空间分布、物理控制和地貌效应

• 批准号: 2112642
• 负责人: Sarah Praskievicz
• 金额: $ 35.32万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina Greensboro
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-06-15 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2112642&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Large; wood; low; gradient; floodplain

This project will advance understanding of the dynamics of large wood (LW) in Coastal Plain rivers of the Southeastern US. LW (logs within rivers) provides many benefits, affecting the transport of sediment, the form of river channels, and the functioning of aquatic ecosystems. Most previous research on LW has been conducted in small streams, often in mountainous regions, or in gravel-bedded rivers. This project will examine the distribution, mobility, and effects of LW in relatively large, gently sloped, and fine-bedded rivers of the Coastal Plain. The results will have implications for forest and river management in this region, where LW was once abundant but has been reduced because of human activities. The project will also provide benefits in terms of student training and in educating the public about the benefits of LW through a new citizen-science initiative that will be implemented in collaboration with Riverkeeper organizations across North Carolina.The proposed research seeks to characterize the spatial distribution of large wood (LW) in low-gradient floodplain rivers, the physical controls on LW recruitment and transport, and the effects of LW on channel process and form. LW (generally defined as pieces of wood at least 1 m in length and 10 cm in diameter, located in the active channel) has long been recognized as a significant driver of physical and ecological processes in river systems. Nevertheless, most knowledge of LW in rivers is based on studies of small to medium-sized rivers in steep headwater catchments, such as in the mountains of the western United States. There is therefore a need for a systematic analysis of LW dynamics and their influence on geomorphic processes in low-gradient floodplain rivers. The research will investigate the spatial distribution of LW at reach and regional scales through field measurements and remote sensing, the physical controls on LW recruitment through statistical modeling, LW transport through episodic and continuous tracking, and the effects of LW on channel process and form and the physical drivers of those effects through physically based modeling. The results will contribute to the understanding of coupled physical and ecological dynamics in river systems. Broader impacts include training of students at a Minority Serving Institution, dissemination of research results to state land- and water-management agencies, and a new citizen-science initiative to collect data on LW in rivers and to educate the public about the benefits of LW.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目将促进对美国东南部沿海平原河流中大型木材（LW）动态的了解。LW（河流中的原木）提供了许多好处，影响沉积物的运输，河道的形式和水生生态系统的功能。以前大多数关于LW的研究都是在小溪流中进行的，通常是在山区或砾石层河流中。本计画将探讨在沿海平原相对较大、缓坡、细河床的河川中，LW的分布、流动性与影响。这些结果将对该地区的森林和河流管理产生影响，该地区的LW曾经丰富，但由于人类活动而减少。该项目还将通过一项新的公民科学倡议，与北卡罗来纳州的河流守护者组织合作，在学生培训和教育公众LW的好处方面提供好处。拟议的研究旨在描述低梯度洪泛区河流中大型木材（LW）的空间分布，LW招募和运输的物理控制，LW对沟道过程和形态的影响。LW（通常定义为位于活跃河道中的至少1米长、直径10厘米的木块）长期以来一直被认为是河流系统物理和生态过程的重要驱动力。然而，大多数知识的LW在河流是基于研究的中小型河流在陡峭的源头集水区，如在美国西部的山区。因此，有必要系统地分析LW动态及其对低梯度洪泛区河流地貌过程的影响。该研究将通过实地测量和遥感调查LW在河段和区域尺度上的空间分布，通过统计建模对LW招募的物理控制，通过情景和连续跟踪LW运输，以及LW对通道过程和形式的影响，以及通过基于物理的建模这些影响的物理驱动因素。研究结果将有助于理解河流系统的物理和生态耦合动力学。更广泛的影响包括在少数民族服务机构培训学生，向州土地和水管理机构传播研究成果，一个新公民-该奖项旨在收集河流中LW的数据，并教育公众LW的好处。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查进行评估，被认为值得支持的搜索.