Experimental Neutrino Physics

20世纪最重要的智力成就之一是粒子物理学标准模型（SM）的发展。这个模型成功地将当时已知的所有基本粒子划分为具有相似量子特性的等级。迄今为止，该模型的有效性已被欧洲核子研究中心大型强子对撞机发现的希格斯玻色子所证实。然而，目前存在的标准模型留下了许多关于宇宙的问题，包括为什么希格斯质量具有它所具有的价值以及为什么宇宙中没有反物质等基本问题。寻找这些和其他关于宇宙的开放性问题的答案的主要领域之一，它是如何形成的，为什么它是这样的，就是把重点放在中微子的特性研究上，并利用我们所知道的和可以学到的中微子作为超越标准模型（BSM）的科学探测器。标准模型预测，实际上有三种不同的中微子，它们在相互作用时所经历的不同相互作用是可以区分出来的。但是最近的测量完全改变了我们对中微子的认识。我们现在知道中微子确实有质量，因为它们确实可以从一种类型转变为另一种类型。在这个项目中，对中微子相互作用的详细测量构成了探索超越标准模型的新物理的最有希望的方法之一。俄勒冈州立小组正在费米实验室的MINERvA实验中研究中微子和反中微子如何与正常物质相互作用，并参与DUNE的研发，DUNE是下一代的长基线中微子实验，终点在伊利诺伊州的费米实验室，它提供中微子束，而南达科他州的桑福德地下实验室则是探测器的所在地。首席研究员Schellman是整个DUNE项目的计算和软件工作的协调员。这包括开发和实施实验计算模型，组建国际科学和技术团队，负责处理欧洲核子研究中心ProtoDUNE实验的数据。该项目将创建在粒子和核物理领域有用的计算基础设施，并将培训年轻科学家使用先进的计算技术来分析pb数据样本，这些技能对整个美国经济都很有价值。PI通过俄勒冈州立物理系监督科学推广活动，这些活动每年覆盖城市和农村社区的大量人口。俄勒冈州立大学的中微子小组吸引了很大一部分女性和代表性不足的少数民族加入其研究团队。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

One of the major intellectual achievements of the 20th century was the development of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. This model succeeded in classifying all of the elementary particles known at the time into a hierarchy of groups having similar quantum properties. The validity of this model to date was confirmed by the discovery of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. However, the Standard Model as it currently exists leaves open many questions about the universe, including such fundamental questions as to why the Higgs mass has the value it has and why there is no antimatter in the universe. One of the primary areas to search for answers to these and other open questions about the universe, how it came to be, and why it is the way it is, is to focus on a study of the properties of neutrinos and to use what we know and can learn about neutrinos as probes of science Beyond the Standard Model (BSM). The Standard Model predicted that there were actually three different kinds of neutrinos that were distinguishable through the different interactions that they did undergo whenever there was an interaction. But recent measurements have totally changed our picture of neutrinos. We now know that neutrinos do have a mass and because they do they can actually change from one type to another. Detailed measurements of neutrino interactions such as those in this project form one of the most promising ways to probe for new physics beyond the Standard Model. The Oregon State Group is studying how neutrinos and antineutrinos interact with normal matter in the MINERvA experiment at Fermilab, and are engaged in R&D for DUNE, the next generation, long baseline neutrino experiment with endpoints at Fermilab in Illinois, which provides the neutrino beam, and the Sanford Underground Laboratory in South Dakota, which is home for the detectors. Principal investigator Schellman is coordinator of the Computing and Software effort for the overall DUNE project. This includes development and implementation of the experimental computing model and assembling the international scientific and technical team that will be responsible for processing the data from the ProtoDUNE experiments at CERN.This project will create computing infrastructure useful across the fields of Particle and Nuclear Physics and will train young scientists in advanced computing techniques for analyzing petabyte data samples, skills that are valuable across the US economy. The PI supervises scientific outreach activities through The Oregon State Physics Department that reach substantial numbers of people in urban and rural communities every year. The OSU neutrino group attracts a large fraction of women and underrepresented minorities to its research team.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.