Hadronic Physics for Neutrino-Nucleon Interactions

中微子-核子相互作用的强子物理

• 批准号: 2310149
• 负责人: Emilie Passemar
• 金额: $ 33万
• 依托单位: Indiana University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-15 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2310149&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Hadronic; Physics; Neutrino; Nucleon; Interactions

Modern nuclear and particle physics are concerned with understanding the fundamental parameters and symmetries of nature. Quarks are particles that interact via the strong force, which binds them together in an atomic nucleus. Leptons do not feel this force; the most familiar example of a lepton is the electron that binds to the nucleus by the electromagnetic interaction. A more exotic lepton is the neutrino, which has no electric charge and interacts only weakly.  Yet, this elusive particle is proving to be a crucial link in our search for new physics phenomena. Exquisite experimental measurements over the last two decades revealed that the neutrinos have small but nonzero masses. Today, the field of neutrino physics enters a precision era, with accelerator-based neutrino oscillation experiments taking center stage in the experimental program in the US and in the world. It is hoped that the combined precision data from the quark and lepton sectors will one day provide a key to the nature of the underlying physics. This project provides theoretical foundations needed to support these experimental breakthroughs, in particular, by giving a more rigorous description of neutrino-nucleus interactions. It also serves as an excellent training ground for students. This research focuses on a specific piece of physics that plays a crucial role in modelling neutrino interactions at GeV energies: the nucleon axial form factor. It describes the structure of the nucleon which is not a point-like particle but has a structure that is still not well known. The PI and her collaborators develop an analytical framework to accurately model this form factor, based on the methods of chiral perturbation theory and dispersive techniques. Moreover, a bridge to numerical evaluations on the lattice is established by applications of various analytical constraints, such as current conservation. Agreement with various electron scattering data is also explored. These studies are extended to pion production in neutrino-nucleon scattering where a bridge between the low energy knowledge relying on chiral perturbation symmetry and higher energies needs to be established. This research supports the state-of-the-art nuclear physics experiments at Thomas Jefferson Laboratory, particularly GlueX or CLAS, as well as the upcoming precision neutrino-nucleus scattering experiments at Fermilab and worldwide.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

现代核和粒子物理学与理解自然的基本参数和对称性有关。夸克是通过强力相互作用的粒子，将它们结合在一起在原子核us中。钩子没有感觉到这种力量。 Lepton的最熟悉的例子是通过电子相互作用与细胞核结合的电子。更奇特的轻子是神经元，它没有电荷，仅相互作用弱。然而，在我们寻找新物理现象中，这种难以捉摸的粒子被证明是至关重要的联系。在过去的二十年中，精致的实验测量表明，神经元的质量很小但非零的肿块。神经元的领域进入了一个精确的时代，基于加速器的神经元振荡实验是美国和世界实验计划中的中心阶段。希望来自夸克和Lepton部门的合并精度数据将有一天能为基础物理学的性质提供关键。该项目提供了对这些实验突破的理论基础，特别是通过对神经元相互作用进行更严格的描述来支持这些实验突破。它也是学生的绝佳训练场。这项研究的重点是在GEV能量的神经元相互作用中起着至关重要的作用的特定物理学：核子轴向形状因子。它描述了不是点状粒子的核的结构，但具有尚不清楚的结构。 PI和她的合作者基于手性扰动理论和分散技术的方法，开发了一个分析框架，以准确地对此形式进行建模。此外，通过各种分析约束（例如当前的保护）的应用，建立了晶格数值评估的桥梁。还探讨了与各种电子散射数据的一致性。这些研究扩展到神经元核子散射中的茶pion产生，其中依赖手性扰动对称性的低能量知识之间的桥梁需要建立更高的能量。这项研究支持托马斯·杰斐逊实验室的最先进的核物理实验，尤其是gluex或clas，以及Fermilab和全球范围内即将到来的精确神经元核散射实验。这项奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过评估了基金会的评估，并诚实地对基金会的影响进行了诚实的支持。