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Collaborative Research: Research: RUI: Engineers making process safety judgements...Mind the Gap! Beliefs vs. behavior

合作研究：研究：RUI：工程师做出过程安全判断...注意差距！

基本信息

批准号：
2113846
负责人：
Elif Miskioglu
金额：
$ 5.11万
依托单位：
Bucknell University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-09-01 至 2025-08-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2113846&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research RUI Engineers making

项目摘要

Chemical plant explosions and fires often make headlines due to the far-reaching implications for the health and safety of workers, the environment, and the local community. Investigations into these incidents have found that they are typically the result of a series of judgements that are made by company personnel (including engineers) over a significant period of time. Researchers have established that how individuals believe they will make decisions is often not the same as how they actually behave, and we posit that an inability to reflect on any gap between beliefs and behaviors is a barrier to sound judgements. Therefore, it is critical that engineers gain awareness of any gap that may exist between their beliefs and behavior to enable reflective and safe judgements. In this research project, we will investigate and compare the beliefs and behaviors of both senior chemical engineering students and engineers working in process safety contexts. As judgements related to process safety would be difficult to model in the classroom and potentially dangerous within an actual facility, we will use a game-based simulation that allows individuals to role-play as a senior plant engineer. The digital environment allows individuals to experience first-hand the safety challenges that arise in an industrial environment while being safe and preventing the disastrous outcomes that could occur in a real life setting when making these judgements. Participants will then learn about the relationship between how they believed they would behave and how they behaved, which is intended to enable awareness of the complexity of process safety judgements.The research study will leverage both quantitative and qualitative methods through interviews, written reflections, and immersive game-play to answer the following four research questions: 1) What do participants believe about how they approach making judgements? 2) How do they behave when actually making judgements? 3) What gap, if any, exists between their beliefs and behavior, and 4) How do participants reconcile any gap? Our research design captures beliefs at multiple data points over time enabling us to generate an understanding of the efficacy of both 1) the game play, and 2) exposure to an individualized profile demonstrating the relationship between beliefs and behaviors. Our method for characterizing the gap between beliefs and behaviors and presenting that information to engineers to enable awareness and reflection has two potential impacts. First, it has the potential 1) to be transferable across diverse contexts with implications for improving professional judgement widely, and 2) to make specific recommendations for the efficacy of the aforementioned two distinct interventions based on participants who include engineering students and engineers working in process safety contexts. The knowledge produced by this project can benefit not only scholars seeking to further study the relationship between beliefs and behaviors, but also engineering educators responsible for the professional formation of their students’ ability to exercise reflective judgement, especially in process safety contexts. Finally, the outcomes of this work have the potential to contribute to the professional formation of practicing engineers by informing workforce development. This reflective process, which brings awareness to gaps between beliefs and behaviors, is an unconventional yet promising approach to ultimately reducing process safety incidents.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

由于对工人、环境和当地社区的健康和安全产生深远影响，化工厂爆炸和火灾经常成为头条新闻。对这些事件的调查发现，它们通常是公司人员（包括工程师）在相当长的一段时间内做出的一系列判断的结果。研究人员已经证实，个人认为自己会做出决定的方式往往与他们实际的行为方式并不相同，我们认为，无法反思信念和行为之间的任何差距是做出正确判断的障碍。因此，工程师必须意识到他们的信念和行为之间可能存在的任何差距，以便做出反思和安全的判断。在这个研究项目中，我们将调查和比较化学工程高级学生和在过程安全环境中工作的工程师的信念和行为。由于与过程安全相关的判断很难在课堂上建模，并且在实际设施中可能存在危险，因此我们将使用基于游戏的模拟，允许个人扮演高级工厂工程师的角色。数字环境使个人能够亲身体验工业环境中出现的安全挑战，同时保证安全并防止在做出判断时在现实生活中可能发生的灾难性后果。然后，参与者将了解他们认为自己的行为方式与他们的行为方式之间的关系，旨在使人们认识到过程安全判断的复杂性。该研究将通过访谈、书面反思和沉浸式游戏，利用定量和定性方法来回答以下四个研究问题：1）参与者对他们如何做出判断有何看法？ 2）他们在实际做出判断时表现如何？ 3) 他们的信念和行为之间存在什么差距（如果有的话），以及 4) 参与者如何协调任何差距？我们的研究设计随着时间的推移捕获多个数据点的信念，使我们能够了解 1) 游戏玩法和 2) 展示信念和行为之间关系的个性化配置文件的有效性。我们描述信念和行为之间差距并将该信息呈现给工程师以实现意识和反思的方法有两个潜在影响。首先，它具有以下潜力：1）可以在不同的环境中转移，对广泛提高专业判断力产生影响；2）根据包括工程学生和在过程安全环境中工作的工程师在内的参与者，为上述两种不同干预措施的有效性提出具体建议。该项目产生的知识不仅可以使寻求进一步研究信念与行为之间关系的学者受益，而且可以使负责学生反思判断能力专业形成的工程教育工作者受益，特别是在过程安全背景下。最后，这项工作的成果有可能通过为劳动力发展提供信息，促进执业工程师的专业形成。这种反思过程使人们意识到信念和行为之间的差距，是一种非常规但有前途的方法，可最终减少过程安全事故。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。