Doctoral Dissertation Research: Security Versus Privacy in the Monitoring of People in Urban Areas

博士论文研究：城市地区人员监控中的安全与隐私

• 批准号: 2115093
• 负责人: Rebecca Stein
• 金额: $ 2.24万
• 依托单位: Duke University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-15 至 2023-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2115093&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Security; Versus

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2). Biometric technologies, technologies that fix official identities to physiological or behavioral traits, have proliferated globally over the last two decades. Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, governments worldwide have relied on such systems to limit and curtail the spread of infectious disease. By some measures, the expansion of biometric tracking and monitoring has intensified social inequality and insecurity for communities long subjected to intensive state surveillance. However, engineers and entrepreneurs producing and marketing such technologies frame biometric surveillance as vital to the health and security of populations globally. This doctoral dissertation research examines how digital rights activists, engineers, entrepreneurs, and policymakers understand, experience, and respond to biometric surveillance. As the use of biometric surveillance technologies rapidly expands during and in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, this project has the potential to help scientists apprehend the socio-cultural implications of biometric surveillance among distinct communities. In addition, the researcher plans to share data with lawmakers and non-governmental organizations to help inform policy and regulatory debates surrounding the ethical use of such technologies. This research includes ethnographic research among those producing, marketing, and challenging the use of biometric technologies as tools of disease tracking and monitoring. Qualitative methods include participant observation in high-tech industry settings, interviews with engineers and entrepreneurs, and research alongside city planners and regulators debating the use and efficacy of such surveillance systems in diverse contexts. Through semi-structured interviews and participant observation with digital rights organizers and advocates, the investigation also asks why and how actors work towards better regulation and oversight of such technologies. Research findings contribute to social scientific theories surrounding the socio-cultural impacts of science and technology more generally, and biometric surveillance in particular.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项全部或部分根据2021年美国救援计划法案（公法117-2）资助。生物识别技术，将官方身份与生理或行为特征相结合的技术，在过去二十年中在全球范围内迅速发展。在COVID-19大流行期间，世界各国政府依赖该等系统限制及遏制传染病的传播。从某些方面来看，生物识别跟踪和监控的扩大加剧了长期受到国家严密监控的社区的社会不平等和不安全。然而，生产和销售此类技术的工程师和企业家将生物识别监控视为对全球人口的健康和安全至关重要。本博士论文研究了数字权利活动家，工程师，企业家和政策制定者如何理解，体验和应对生物识别监控。随着生物识别监控技术的使用在COVID-19大流行期间和之后迅速扩大，该项目有可能帮助科学家了解生物识别监控在不同社区中的社会文化影响。此外，研究人员计划与立法者和非政府组织分享数据，以帮助为围绕这些技术的道德使用的政策和监管辩论提供信息。这项研究包括在那些生产，营销和挑战使用生物识别技术作为疾病跟踪和监测工具的人种学研究。定性方法包括在高科技产业环境中的参与观察，与工程师和企业家的访谈，以及与城市规划者和监管机构一起讨论在不同环境中使用这种监控系统的有效性的研究。通过对数字版权组织者和倡导者的半结构化访谈和参与者观察，调查还询问了参与者为什么以及如何努力更好地监管和监督这些技术。研究成果有助于围绕科学技术的社会文化影响的社会科学理论，特别是生物识别监控。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。