Macroevolutionary Consequences of Staminode Evolution in Integrated Floral Systems of Mentzelia section Bartonia (Loasaceae)

退化雄蕊进化在Mentzelia部分Bartonia（Loasaceae）综合花卉系统中的宏观进化后果

• 批准号: 2117446
• 负责人: John Schenk
• 金额: $ 51.76万
• 依托单位: Ohio University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2117446&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Macroevolutionary; Consequences; Staminode; Evolution; Integrated

A major initiative in plant biology is focused on understanding the evolutionary processes that have generated the seemingly endless forms of flowers. Flowers can be viewed as integrated systems of specialized structures that function to optimize reproductive success, including pollen dispersal, pollen reception, and seed production. Flowers have experienced extraordinary morphological changes through evolutionary time, including multiple origins of novel, non-fertile structures, including staminodes. Staminodes are rudimentary stamens or sterile stamens that were co-opted from pollen production to perform novel functions, such as nectar production, pollinator attraction, or enhanced pollen dispersal or deposition. These structures therefore provide an ideal system to study integrated-trait evolution in response to functional co-option. This project will test whether there is an evolutionary response to compensate for the loss of reproductive function when a structure is co-opted to perform a novel function by studying floral evolution in the blazingstars. Numerous trainees will participate in the project, and a collaboration with the Ohio First Scholar program will integrate two first-generation students from underrepresented groups into the research program. Forty-eight early career scientists will be trained in phylogenetic comparative methods through two workshops at a national research conference. An educational video and learning module focused on plant evolution will be created to promote science literacy in this important but poorly understood concept that requires innovative resources.Flowers are composed of integrated parts that function to maximize reproduction, but little is known about the macroevolutionary consequences when one part of the flower is co-opted to perform a novel function. In Mentzelia section Bartonia (Loasaceae), stamen filaments have repeatedly evolved to become sterile, petal-like staminodes, providing an exceptional system to determine the evolutionary response of functional co-option. This project will apply phylogenetic comparative approaches to provide key insights into the evolutionary consequences of staminode co-option on floral structures, including interactions within and among the male, female, and petal structures. The project addresses five main research questions: (1) What is the evolutionary history of staminodes in Mentzelia section Bartonia; (2) are staminodes integrated with the remaining floral structures; (3) does evolution favor compensation of reproductive outputs when staminodes evolve; (4) are staminodes correlated with environmental factors; and (5) how do staminodes affect male and female fitness across different floral forms? To answer those questions, the evolutionary history of the group will be inferred with genomic data and combined with environmental and floral data to determine how traits vary and covary, as well as their level of integration across evolutionary history.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

植物生物学的一项主要倡议的重点是理解产生看似无尽的花朵形式的进化过程。可以将花视为专业结构的集成系统，可功能优化生殖成功，包括花粉分散，花粉接收和种子生产。花通过进化时间经历了非凡的形态变化，包括包括雄蕊在内的新型非肥料结构的多种起源。雄蕊是基本的雄蕊或无菌雄蕊，这些雄蕊是从花粉产生中选择的，以执行新功能，例如花蜜产生，授粉媒介吸引力或增强的花粉分散或沉积。因此，这些结构为响应功能合作的响应提供了研究综合特征进化的理想系统。该项目将测试当结构选择通过研究Blazingstars中的花卉演化来执行新功能时，是否有进化响应来补偿生殖功能的丧失。许多学员将参加该项目，与俄亥俄州第一学者计划的合作将将来自代表性不足的小组的两名第一代学生整合到研究计划中。四十八名早期职业科学家将在国家研究会议上通过两个研讨会接受系统发育比较方法的培训。将创建一个专注于植物进化的教育视频和学习模块，以在这个重要但知之甚少的概念中促进科学素养，需要创新资源。流量是由综合部分组成的，这些零件可以使繁殖最大化，但是当花朵的一部分是同时采用的一部分以执行新功能时，对宏观进化的影响很少。在Mentzelia部分Bartonia（loasaceae）中，雄蕊丝反复演变成无菌的花瓣状雄蕊，提供了一个出色的系统来确定功能合作的进化响应。该项目将采用系统发育比较方法来提供对雄蕊合作对花卉结构的进化后果的关键见解，包括雄性，女性和花瓣结构内部和之间的相互作用。该项目解决了五个主要研究问题：（1）Mentzelia部分Bartonia的雄蕊的进化史； （2）是与剩余的花卉结构集成的雄蕊； （3）在雄蕊进化时，进化有利于生殖产量的补偿； （4）是与环境因素相关的势力； （5）雄蕊如何影响不同花卉形式的男性和女性健康？要回答这些问题，该小组的进化历史将通过基因组数据来推断，并与环境和花卉数据相结合，以确定特征如何变化和covary以及它们在进化历史上的整合水平。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并认为通过基金会的知识优点和广泛的crietia criteria crietia crietia cribitia criperia rectuniation the Action the Andive。