Property, People, and Progress along Frontiers: How Land Policy Affects Selection and Outcomes

财产、人民和边境进步：土地政策如何影响选择和结果

• 批准号: 2117660
• 负责人: Steven Smith
• 金额: $ 53.05万
• 依托单位: Colorado School of Mines
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2117660&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Property; People; Progress; along; Frontiers

This project will construct and use a large historical data to study how land allocation policy affects economic outcomes for people and places. The research will study how two dominant paths to land title – homesteading and cash purchase in the US affected land use and other outcomes later on. This project will document who sought land under each alternative and where they came from. In addition, it explores how securing free land affected upward mobility by comparing descendants of successful homesteaders to those of the forty percent of homesteaders that tried but did not secure title. This research bridges the gap between theoretical notions of secure property rights and the actual process by which they are attained. Land reform processes throughout the world combined with the prospect of virgin lands attracting new settlement amid climate change and population growth make these insights critically important. The results of this research will help to guide land allocation policies and in the process improve economic performance. The results of this research will establish the U.S. as the global leader in land allocation theory and policy.This research will evaluate the process of title allocation, inclusive of how it influences who seeks what land, and its effects on economic outcomes for people and places. Central to these efforts is the advancement and implementation of data matching techniques to link volumes of handwritten land entry records, digitized land patents, and individual records from sources such as the federal decennial censuses. The project will draw on this data and econometric techniques to provide new insights into how land titling (1) affects migration by altering incentives for diverse types of individuals to claim certain types of land, (2) contributes to upward income mobility for individuals and families, and (3) affects the spatial distribution of labor and capital and subsequent pattern of regional economic growth. The project will also study how land allocation policy influences the distribution of wealth both for individual actors and subsequently the region. This project will enhance understanding of how the process of title allocation affects who attains land rights and economic development. The results of this research will help to guide land allocation policies and in the process improve economic performance. The results of this research will establish the U.S. as the global leader in land allocation theory and policy.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这个项目将构建和使用大量的历史数据来研究土地分配政策如何影响人和地方的经济结果。这项研究将研究在美国获得土地所有权的两种主要途径--宅基地和现金购买--如何影响土地使用和其他结果。该项目将记录谁在每个替代方案下寻求土地，以及他们来自哪里。此外，它还通过将成功的自耕农的后代与试图获得所有权但没有获得所有权的40%的自耕农的后代进行比较，来探索获得自由土地如何影响向上流动。这项研究在安全财产权的理论概念和实际实现过程之间架起了一座桥梁。世界各地的土地改革进程，再加上处女地在气候变化和人口增长中吸引新定居点的前景，使这些见解变得至关重要。本文的研究结果将有助于指导土地配置政策，并在此过程中提高经济效益。这项研究的结果将确立美国在土地分配理论和政策方面的全球领先地位。这项研究将评估所有权分配过程，包括它如何影响谁寻求什么土地，以及它对人和地方的经济结果的影响。这些努力的核心是改进和实施数据匹配技术，以将大量手写土地登记记录、数字化土地专利和来自联邦十年一次的人口普查等来源的个人记录联系起来。该项目将利用这些数据和计量经济学技术，为以下方面提供新的见解：(1)通过改变不同类型个人要求某些类型土地的激励措施来影响移民，(2)促进个人和家庭的收入向上流动，以及(3)影响劳动力和资本的空间分布以及随后的区域经济增长模式。该项目还将研究土地分配政策如何影响个人和随后区域的财富分配。该项目将加强对所有权分配过程如何影响谁获得土地权和经济发展的了解。本文的研究结果将有助于指导土地配置政策，并在此过程中提高经济效益。这项研究的结果将确立美国在土地分配理论和政策方面的全球领先地位。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Individualistic culture increases economic mobility in the United States

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2107273118
• 发表时间: 2021-09-14
• 期刊: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
• 影响因子: 11.1
• 作者: Leonard, Bryan;Smith, Steven M.
• 通讯作者: Smith, Steven M.

State Trust Lands and Natural Resource Use in the US Northwest

美国西北部的国家信托土地和自然资源利用

• DOI: 10.1561/115.00000041
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Historical Political Economy
• 作者: Alston, Eric;Smith, Steven M.
• 通讯作者: Smith, Steven M.