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MCA: Neurogenetic divergence during incipient speciation in chorus frogs

MCA：合唱蛙早期物种形成过程中的神经遗传分歧

基本信息

批准号：
2121058
负责人：
Emily Lemmon
金额：
$ 33.9万
依托单位：
Florida State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-08-01 至 2024-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2121058&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
MCA Neurogenetic divergence during incipient

项目摘要

Species interactions can indirectly promote the evolution of new species, particularly when the combination of species within a community varies across geography. When different species attempt to hybridize, the resulting offspring may have low fitness. Costly hybridization can not only cause divergence of mating behaviors between species but also among populations of the same species, leading to the origin of new species. The purpose of this project is to understand how auditory neurons in the frog brain evolve as acoustic mating behaviors diverge among populations during speciation. This work will be accomplished by integrating prior field studies with new experiments on auditory neurons. These studies will advance understanding of how the time-based information contained in sounds (e.g., beats, rhythms) is interpreted in the brain and how the timing differences in signals affect behavioral responses. The research will offer unprecedented insight into how new species form, from the level of organisms and populations to the single neuron and genomic levels. The project will provide training and protected time for the lead researcher and a graduate student to engage in cutting-edge research at the intersection of multiple branches of biology. Furthermore, the work will enhance ongoing outreach activities by generating integrative data sets, examples, and multimedia materials to engage students in the exploration of compelling biological questions.This project will connect broad-scale evolutionary processes promoting speciation to fine-scale changes in the central nervous system that contribute to reproductive isolation. Research will be conducted on chorus frogs (Pseudacris), a system undergoing cascade reinforcement—a process through which interactions between species indirectly cause behavioral divergence within species. This project will identify neural correlates of time interval-based mating preferences across speciating populations through neurophysiological experiments on neurons of the auditory midbrain. Specifically, this work will test two mechanisms of divergence: rescaling of neural tuning and redistribution between auditory neuron classes. The study will also test for differential expression of ionotropic receptor genes and other genes involved in synaptic transmission between behaviorally-divergent frog populations at the single-nuclei level. In particular, this work will determine whether expression of candidate synaptic transmission genes is correlated with behavioral evolution. The planned research will open new avenues for inquiry, providing a launching pad for integrative studies spanning neuroscience, behavioral ecology, genomics, and evolutionary biology.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

物种间的相互作用可以间接地促进新物种的进化，特别是当一个群落中的物种组合在不同的地理位置上变化时。当不同的物种试图杂交时，所产生的后代可能具有低适应性。昂贵的杂交不仅能引起物种间交配行为的分化，而且能引起同一物种的种群间交配行为的分化，从而导致新物种的产生。这个项目的目的是了解青蛙大脑中的听觉神经元是如何进化的，因为在物种形成过程中，种群之间的声音交配行为是不同的。这项工作将通过将先前的实地研究与对听觉神经元的新实验相结合来完成。这些研究将促进对声音中包含的基于时间的信息（例如，节拍、节奏）在大脑中被解释，以及信号中的时间差异如何影响行为反应。这项研究将为新物种的形成提供前所未有的洞察力，从生物体和种群的水平到单个神经元和基因组水平。该项目将为首席研究员和一名研究生提供培训和受保护的时间，以从事生物学多个分支交叉领域的前沿研究。此外，这项工作将通过生成综合数据集、实例和多媒体材料来加强正在进行的外展活动，以吸引学生参与对引人注目的生物学问题的探索。该项目将把促进物种形成的大规模进化过程与导致生殖隔离的中枢神经系统的细尺度变化联系起来。将对合唱蛙（Pseudacris）进行研究，这是一个经历级联进化的系统，通过这个过程，物种之间的相互作用间接导致物种内的行为分歧。本计画将借由听觉中脑神经元的神经生理学实验，找出不同物种间以时间间隔为基础的交配偏好的神经关联。具体来说，这项工作将测试两种机制的分歧：重新调整的神经调谐和听觉神经元类之间的重新分配。该研究还将在单细胞核水平上测试离子型受体基因和其他参与行为不同的青蛙种群之间突触传递的基因的差异表达。特别是，这项工作将确定候选突触传递基因的表达是否与行为进化相关。计划中的研究将开辟新的探索途径，为神经科学、行为生态学、基因组学和进化生物学的综合研究提供一个发射台。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。