MCA: Electronic Monitoring of Fisheries to Protect the Environment & Human Rights

MCA：渔业电子监控以保护环境

• 批准号: 2121656
• 负责人: Lekelia Jenkins
• 金额: $ 34.7万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2121656&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MCA; Electronic; Monitoring; Fisheries; Protect

Electronic monitoring (EM) has the potential to address environmental concerns around fishing, such as illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing (IUU fishing). Electronic monitoring is a system of onboard cameras that records fishing catches for later analysis, verification, and alignment with fisheries regulations. There is a link between environmentally harmful fishing practices and the exploitation of people, with dire consequences for workers at sea (e.g. working conditions, occupational health and safety, forced labor, and modern slavery). Recent research indicated that the environmental data captured by EM may also reveal the social and labor conditions borne by workers and human observers on vessels. Some environmental groups and governments have articulated a vision of the potential of EM to save fish populations, while making the fishing industries’ work easier for data reporting, traceability, and subsequent profit increase. However, this vision pits human rights to decent working conditions and fair treatment against human rights to privacy.This project is an exploratory study to investigate the overarching research question: How is the global environmental imaginary and competing sociotechnical imaginary shaping the current use and futures of EM in fisheries? The methods of investigation are semi-structured interviews and documents analyzed with a grounded theory approach, participant observation, foresight methods, and qualitative systems mapping (QSM). Constrained Choice Theory serves as a lens to identify emerging competing imaginaries and the drivers behind them. This project will: 1) contribute to the comparatively small literature of how institutions create imaginaries; 2) explore imaginaries at different scales from the global to local; 3) explore the drivers that lead to reconfigured imaginaries; 4) explore the socio-cultural and human dimensions surrounding EM; 5) and further develop the nascent method QSM. Importantly, the research project will advance both theoretical and applied understanding that could help reduce human rights abuses, including modern slavery, in fisheries.This project is jointly funded by the Science and Technology Studies program in SBE and Division Of Environmental Biology in Biological Sciences.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

电子监测（EM）有可能解决围绕捕鱼的环境问题，例如非法、未报告和无管制的捕捞（IUU捕捞）。电子监控是一个机载摄像头系统，记录渔获物，供日后分析、验证和符合渔业法规。对环境有害的捕鱼做法与对人的剥削之间存在联系，对海上工人造成可怕的后果（例如工作条件、职业健康和安全、强迫劳动和现代奴隶制）。最近的研究表明，EM捕获的环境数据还可以揭示船上工人和人类观察员所承受的社会和劳动条件。 一些环保组织和政府已经明确提出了EM拯救鱼类种群的潜力，同时使渔业的数据报告，可追溯性和随后的利润增加的工作更容易。然而，这一愿景坑人权体面的工作条件和公平对待对人权的隐私权。这个项目是一个探索性的研究，调查首要的研究问题：如何是全球环境的想象和竞争的社会技术想象塑造EM渔业的当前使用和未来？研究方法为半结构式访谈，并以扎根理论、参与观察、前瞻方法及质性系统绘图（QSM）进行文件分析。约束选择理论作为一个透镜，以确定新兴的竞争对手和他们背后的驱动力。该项目将：1）为机构如何创建企业的相对较少的文献做出贡献; 2）探索从全球到地方的不同规模的企业; 3）探索导致重新配置企业的驱动因素; 4）探索围绕EM的社会文化和人文因素; 5）进一步发展新生的方法QSM。 重要的是，该研究项目将推进理论和应用理解，有助于减少侵犯人权行为，包括现代奴隶制，该项目由SBE的科学和技术研究计划以及生物科学中的环境生物学部门共同资助。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。