Collaborative Research: Investigation of the molecular and cellular bases of the maize/Puccinia sorghi interaction

合作研究：玉米/高粱柄锈相互作用的分子和细胞基础研究

• 批准号: 2126256
• 负责人: Eunsook Park
• 金额: $ 76.29万
• 依托单位: University of Wyoming
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-15 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2126256&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Investigation; molecular; cellular

Puccinia sorghi is a fungal pathogen causing common rust, which is one of the most destructive diseases of maize. Genetics and molecular biological approaches made significant progress in the identification of the host-resistant protein. However, characterization of effector proteins secreted from the fungi, which facilitate the pathogenesis process and are recognized by host resistant proteins, remain elusive. This research will elucidate an important defense mechanism in maize, a model species for plant quantitative genetics and the number one crop in the U.S., using complementary approaches, including bioinformatics, functional genomics, and advanced cell biological methods. Since the hypersensitive response is a general defense response found in all multicellular plants, this finding will be relevant to improving other important crop species, particularly other grasses. Graduate, undergraduate, and high school students will be trained in the fundamental understanding of crop research and cutting-edge methods on cell biology, biochemistry, and molecular genetics in plant-microbe interaction at the University of Wyoming and North Carolina State University. Students will participate in this project as part-time student researchers and more intensively during summer via the summer research program. Additional outreach activities are planned with the NCSU Science House to educate the public on genetics, plant breeding, biotechnology, and associated societal implications.The project employs Nicotiana benthamiana as a model to elucidate the molecular and cellular basis of fungal pathogen Puccinia sorghi and maize interaction. The maize Rp1-D gene encodes an NLR resistance protein that confers resistance to common rust disease caused by the fungus Puccinia sorghi. Molecular genetic studies using an auto-active derivative of the Rp1-D gene identify several host regulatory components. However, pathogen effector protein recognized by Rp1-D triggering hypersensitive responsive programmed cell death (HR-PCD) is elusive to date. This research will 1) identify effectors associated with the control of host cell death and suppression of the host defense response, 2) define how these effectors influence essential physiological changes in host cells, such as changes in pH, reactive oxygen species production, and calcium flux, and their subcellular localizations, and 3) examine the maize HR regarding these physiological changes and organelle dynamics, such as stromule formation and inter-organellar communication in the cell. Ultimately, this research will characterize the physical interactions of all the host- and pathogen-derived components that interact with Rp1-D and are likely to constitute cellular components of the Rp1-D mediated immune signaling complex. This will result in an understanding of the control of the NLR-mediated response that is unique in maize and among the most detailed in any plant species.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

高粱锈菌是引起玉米普通锈病的一种真菌病原菌，是玉米最具破坏性的病害之一。遗传学和分子生物学方法在鉴定寄主抗性蛋白方面取得了重大进展。然而，真菌分泌的促进致病过程并被宿主耐药蛋白识别的效应蛋白的特征仍然难以捉摸。这项研究将利用包括生物信息学、功能基因组学和先进细胞生物学方法在内的互补方法，阐明玉米的重要防御机制。玉米是植物数量遗传学的模式物种，也是美国头号作物。由于超敏反应是一种普遍存在于所有多细胞植物中的防御反应，这一发现将与改良其他重要作物物种有关，特别是其他禾本科植物。怀俄明大学和北卡罗来纳州立大学的研究生、本科生和高中生将在怀俄明大学和北卡罗来纳州立大学接受作物研究的基本知识和植物-微生物相互作用中细胞生物学、生物化学和分子遗传学的前沿方法方面的培训。学生将以兼职学生研究人员的身份参与这个项目，并在暑期通过暑期研究计划更深入地参与。NCSU科学之家还计划开展更多的外展活动，教育公众遗传学、植物育种、生物技术和相关的社会影响。该项目使用本氏烟草作为模型，阐明真菌病原菌高粱锈菌与玉米相互作用的分子和细胞基础。玉米Rp1-D基因编码一种NLR抗性蛋白，该蛋白对由真菌高粱锈菌引起的常见锈病具有抗性。使用Rp1-D基因的自动活性衍生物的分子遗传学研究确定了几个宿主调节成分。然而，Rp1-D识别的病原体效应蛋白触发超敏反应性程序性细胞死亡(HR-PCD)至今仍难以捉摸。这项研究将1)确定与控制寄主细胞死亡和抑制寄主防御反应相关的效应物，2)确定这些效应物如何影响寄主细胞的基本生理变化，如pH、活性氧产生和钙通量的变化，以及它们在细胞内的定位，3)研究玉米HR关于这些生理变化和细胞器动态，如球茎形成和细胞器间通讯。最终，这项研究将表征所有与Rp1-D相互作用的宿主和病原体衍生成分的物理相互作用，并可能构成Rp1-D介导的免疫信号复合体的细胞成分。这将导致对NLR介导的反应的控制的了解，这在玉米中是独一无二的，在任何植物物种中都是最详细的。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。