Acoustic, articulatory and perceptual analyses of the post-vocalic voicing contrast in German.

在基于生成传统的语音学模型中，语音被表示为一组类别和重写规则，这些规则通过通用的语音成分将这些类别转换为语音输出。然而，最近在实验室语音学领域的一些研究表明，语音知识不是分类的，但需要纳入概率信息;语音细节存储在词汇中;语音知识可能会因说话者而异，即使是同一种方言;区分类别的线索可以广泛分布在韵律域。在这个建议中，我们探讨了一些这些问题，通过一个phonology-phoneticrelationship，已受到相当大的关注，在文献中，即后vocabulary在德国的发声对比。将进行五类分析。第一，清化对比是否完全。第二，在中和语境中，对比的产生和感知是否存在差异.第三，德语元音强度和浊音特征组合的概率信息是否影响浊音对比的知觉判断。第四，说话人的差异，方言和语言背景是否会影响语音对比的感知。最后，我们使用基于语料库的，发音和声学技术来研究德语中的后元音语音对比在多大程度上可以由语音特征如[voice]或[tense]来模拟。从更广泛的意义上说，该建议旨在为我们理解言语产生、言语感知和语音结构之间的关系做出贡献。

In models of phonology based on the generative tradition, speech is represented as a set ofcategories and rewrite rules that transform these categories to speech output via a universalphonetic component. However, recent evidence from a number of studies in the area oflaboratory phonology suggests that phonological knowledge is not categorical but needs toincorporate probabilistic information; that fine phonetic detail is stored in the lexicon; thatphonological knowledge may well vary from speaker to speaker even of the same dialect; andthat the cues that distinguish between categories can be broadly distributed across prosodicdomains. In this proposal, we explore a number of these issues through a phonology-phoneticrelationship that has received considerable attention in the literature, namely the post-vocalicvoicing contrast in German. Five types of analyses will be undertaken. Firstly, whetherneutralization of the voicing contrast is complete. Secondly, whether there are differencesbetween the production and perception of contrasts in a neutralizing context. Thirdly, whetherprobabilistic information based on combinations of vowels tensity and voicing features inGerman influence perceptual judgements of voicing contrasts. Fourthly, whether speakerdifferences, dialect and linguistic background influence the perception of the voicing contrast.Finally, we use corpus-based, articulatory, and acoustic techniques to investigate the extent towhich the post-vocalic voicing contrast in German can be modelled by phonological featuressuch as [voice] or [tense]. In more general terms, the proposal seeks to make a contribution toour understanding of the relationship between speech production, speech perception, andphonological structure.