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Single-Step, Rapidly Reconfigurable Grayscale Nanoprinting by Light-Controlled Nanocapillary Effect

通过光控纳米毛细管效应进行单步、快速可重构灰度纳米打印

基本信息

批准号：
2129796
负责人：
Jaeyoun Kim
金额：
$ 52.5万
依托单位：
Iowa State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2129796&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Single Step Rapidly Reconfigurable Grayscale

项目摘要

Meta-surfaces are material surfaces decorated with nanoscale features, which often acquire a variety of useful characteristics. Some of them generate vibrant colors without using dyes. Others can turn the moisture on them into tiny beads and clean themselves, a very useful feature for solar panels. Some others can even kill germs on them without using harmful chemicals. Meta-surfaces with such useful properties benefit society by promoting health, safety and sustainability. Recently, scientists discovered that spatially varying the height of the nanoscale surface features, or nanopixels, can make the meta-surfaces multi-functional. The key challenge is manufacturing the nanopixels with variable heights in a controllable manner. This award supports research to find a simple method to realize such variable height nanopixels. It is analogous to printing grayscale pixels. The grayscale nanoprinting method is based on the phenomenon of capillary action and its nanoscale control by light. To expedite the optimal design of the variable height meta-surfaces, the research approach integrates data science and machine learning. Accordingly, the research not only enriches nanomanufacturing but also advances fundamental nanotechnology and computational sciences through interdisciplinary endeavors. Plans for making science and technology more attractive to the general public and more accessible to women and underrepresented groups are included.This research explores light-controlled capillary effect for grayscale nanoprinting and nanotexturing. Conventional nanoprinting produces constant height nanopixels because the capillary rise of the photopolymer into the nanocavity cannot be stopped at an arbitrarily chosen height, nor can modulating the height as a function of position be possible. This research seeks to achieve both by exploiting the discovery that the capillary rise of certain polymers can be accurately controlled by light. The key enabling mechanism is the light-induced changes in the polymer’s liquid volume and viscosity which, in turn, govern the level of the polymer’s capillarity. Optical control is highly advantageous because light patterns can be rapidly updated by a spatial light modulator and easily shrunk down to the microscale by reduction optics, enabling rapidly reconfigurable, ultrahigh-resolution grayscale nanoprinting. This research establishes a novel nanomanufacturing paradigm and provides a useful tool for studying the physical process of polymeric capillarity. The collected data is leveraged to train a combination of advanced statistical and machine learning models to enable data-driven optimal design of meta-surfaces and their manufacturing. To combat the issues of data paucity and complex underlying physics, a synergistic combination of generalized models and deep learning is adopted to represent multi-physical performance targets, such as hydrophobicity and transparency.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

元表面是用纳米级特征装饰的材料表面，其通常获得各种有用的特性。其中一些产生鲜艳的颜色，而不使用染料。其他人可以把他们身上的水分变成微小的珠子，并清洁自己，一个非常有用的功能，太阳能电池板。有些人甚至可以杀死细菌，而不使用有害的化学物质。具有这些有用特性的元表面通过促进健康、安全和可持续性而造福社会。最近，科学家们发现，在空间上改变纳米级表面特征或纳米像素的高度，可以使元表面具有多功能。关键的挑战是以可控的方式制造具有可变高度的纳米像素。该奖项支持研究找到一种简单的方法来实现这种可变高度的纳米像素。它类似于打印灰度像素。灰度纳米打印方法基于毛细作用现象及其通过光的纳米级控制。为了加快变高度元曲面的优化设计，研究方法集成了数据科学和机器学习。因此，这项研究不仅丰富了纳米制造，而且通过跨学科的努力推进了基础纳米技术和计算科学。计划使科学和技术更有吸引力的一般公众和更容易获得妇女和代表性不足的群体包括。这项研究探讨了灰度纳米打印和纳米纹理的光控毛细管效应。常规的纳米打印产生恒定高度的纳米像素，因为光聚合物进入纳米腔的毛细上升不能在任意选择的高度停止，也不能将高度调制为位置的函数。这项研究试图通过利用某些聚合物的毛细管上升可以通过光精确控制的发现来实现这两个目标。关键的使能机制是光诱导的聚合物的液体体积和粘度的变化，这反过来又决定了聚合物的毛细作用的水平。光学控制是非常有利的，因为光图案可以通过空间光调制器快速更新，并且可以通过缩小光学器件轻松缩小到微米尺度，从而实现快速可重构的超高分辨率灰度纳米打印。本研究建立了一个新的纳米制造范式，并提供了一个有用的工具，研究的物理过程中的聚合物毛细作用。利用收集的数据来训练高级统计和机器学习模型的组合，以实现元表面及其制造的数据驱动的优化设计。为了解决数据匮乏和基础物理复杂的问题，采用广义模型和深度学习的协同组合来表示多物理性能目标，如疏水性和透明度。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（8）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Optical Freeze-Framing and Analysis of Nanofluidic Behaviors in Elastomeric Nanocavities

弹性纳米腔中纳米流体行为的光学冻结框架和分析

DOI：
10.1109/mems51670.2022.9699535
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
Proceedings of 2022 IEEE 35th International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems Conference (MEMS
影响因子：
0
作者：
Ji, Myung Gi;Li, Qiang;Kim, Jaeyoun
通讯作者：
Kim, Jaeyoun

Height-modulation of diffraction gratings by light-controlled capillary force lithography for structural coloring

通过光控毛细管力光刻对衍射光栅进行高度调制以实现结构着色