SCC-CIVIC-FA Track B: Helping Rural Counties to Enhance Flooding and Coastal Disaster Resilience and Adaptation

SCC-CIVIC-FA 轨道 B：帮助农村县增强洪水和沿海灾害的抵御能力和适应能力

• 批准号: 2133279
• 负责人: Pengfei Xue
• 金额: $ 99.99万
• 依托单位: Michigan Technological University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-10-01 至 2024-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2133279&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SCC; CIVIC; FA; Track; Helping

Flooding is a leading cause of natural disasters in the US, with congressional budget office estimates of $54 billion in loss each year. Although both urban and rural areas are highly vulnerable to flood hazards, most natural disaster resilience studies have focused on urban areas, often overlooking rural communities. One such area that has been overlooked are the many rural communities bordering the Great Lakes. These communities face unprecedented challenges due to rising water levels, particularly since 2012, which have resulted in significant coastal flooding in the communities. Flood hazard assessments are a critical tool used to support communities in determining how to mitigate flooding; however, data gaps in current flood hazard modeling tools render them inaccurate for rural communities. The project brings together community partners—including a regional planning agency, county officials, and local officials from the Keweenaw Bay Indian community—with a university team to understand the data gaps in addressing flooding and coastal disaster in two rural counties in Northern Michigan. The project will use various strategies, including sensors and crowdsourced information, to fill critical information gaps required to improve flood hazard modeling in rural communities bordering the Great Lakes. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) commonly recommend counties to use a freely available tool, called HAZUS, to develop hazard mitigation plans and enhance community resilience and adaptation. However, for rural communities, the use of standard datasets within HAZUS often has serious deficiencies, unless augmented with additional data and analyses. The proposed project's vision is to develop methods that use remote sensing data resources and citizen engagement (crowdsourcing) to address current data gaps for improved flood hazard modeling and visualization that is transferable to other rural communities. The results of the project will expand the traditional frontiers of preparedness and resilience to natural disasters by drawing on the expertise and backgrounds of investigators working at the interface of geological engineering, civil engineering, computer science, marine engineering, urban planning, river and floodplain hydraulics, social science, and remote sensing. This project is part of the Civic Innovation Challenge, a collaboration between NSF, the Department of Energy's Vehicle Technology Office, and the Department of Homeland Security's Science and Technology Directorate and Federal Emergency Management Agency.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

洪水是美国自然灾害的主要原因，国会预算办公室估计每年损失540亿美元。尽管城市和农村地区都非常容易受到洪水灾害的影响，但大多数自然灾害复原力研究都集中在城市地区，往往忽视了农村社区。其中一个被忽视的领域是与五大湖接壤的许多农村社区。由于水位上升，特别是自2012年以来，这些社区面临前所未有的挑战，导致社区发生严重的沿海洪灾。洪灾风险评估是支持社区确定如何减轻洪灾的关键工具；然而，当前洪灾风险建模工具中的数据差距使其对农村社区来说并不准确。该项目将社区合作伙伴-包括地区规划机构、县官员和基韦诺湾印第安人社区的地方官员-与一个大学团队聚集在一起，以了解在解决北密歇根州两个农村县洪水和沿海灾害方面的数据差距。该项目将使用各种战略，包括传感器和众包信息，以填补改善五大湖周边农村社区洪灾建模所需的关键信息空白。联邦紧急事务管理局(FEMA)和国土安全部(DHS)通常建议各县使用免费提供的工具，称为HAZUS，以制定减灾计划，增强社区的复原力和适应能力。然而，对于农村社区来说，除非用更多的数据和分析加以补充，否则在HAZUS内部使用标准数据集往往存在严重的缺陷。拟议项目的愿景是开发利用遥感数据资源和公民参与(众包)的方法，以解决目前的数据差距，以改进洪水风险建模和可视化，并可转移到其他农村社区。该项目的成果将利用地质工程、土木工程、计算机科学、海洋工程、城市规划、河流和泛滥平原水力学、社会科学和遥感等领域的研究人员的专业知识和背景，扩大防备和抵御自然灾害的传统前沿。这个项目是公民创新挑战的一部分，该挑战是由NSF、能源部车辆技术办公室以及国土安全部科学和技术局和联邦应急管理机构合作的。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。