Mosaics at the sepulchre / sepulchral mosaics. Burial and tesselated adornment in the Italic and Adriatic areas from the pagan beginnings to Christian Late Antiquity

特别是在古代晚期，墓葬马赛克是一种受人赞赏的墓葬装饰方式。当时，完成了埋葬在地下的墓穴覆盖物的作品tessellatum场景提供了一种典型的墓葬马赛克，这种马赛克绝大多数可以在北非找到。虽然这些非洲的例子在1976年传达了诺埃·L·杜瓦尔关于这类纪念碑的开创性评论的基本主题，而最近西班牙裔的清单，相比之下要窄得多，一直是综合研究的主题，奇怪的是，没有专门研究意大利墓葬马赛克水库的总体论文，尽管墓地领域和马赛克装饰可能已经在那里被引入和发展。我们的项目依赖于古代马赛克高级专家K·邓巴宾教授保证的支持，主要目的是建立一本广泛参考的书籍。地板、墙壁和拱顶上的墓地马赛克应用程序的详尽概要仍然是可管理的，因为它不超过大约。150件物品散落在意大利和邻近的亚得里亚海地区。今天，这些作品只能通过查阅大量遥远的书目标题来单独或以小组的方式进行追踪。他们的集体版本和研究，无疑是一种渴望，将使我们能够披露他们所持有的多样性和他们正在进行的变化。主要关注长期的发展，从共和党时代后期开始，如果可能的话，试图限定形成过程中的一个特定阶段，适当的“墓地马赛克”的出现可以被分配到这个阶段。另一点涉及从异教徒到基督教环境的转变：我们可以在多大程度上陈述传统模式的持久性，以及哪些特征与新信仰相对应？因此，我们的努力将连接古典和基督教考古领域，从而承认主导变革的连续性。考虑到空间安排和多样化的社会背景，我们的项目将解决这些最后安息之地的一般家具内不断变化的马赛克装饰的数量和质量。马赛克逐渐取代其他类型的马赛克的问题，对于放置在高处的马赛克来说具有特别重要的意义。最终，我们决心研究特定地区和地区之间的风格和/或图像互动，特别是意大利和北非例子之间的关系。待分析的墓葬马赛克目录部署了广泛的时间、地理和形式范围，能够提供非常坚实的潜力，能够提供与我们对古代社会的知识非常相关的有趣的学术结果。

Particularly during Late Antiquity, sepulchral mosaics constituted an appreciated means of burial embellishment. At that time, the opus tessellatum tableaux which finished the coverings of tombs disposed in the ground provided the "classical" type of grave mosaics, whose overwhelming majority can be found in North Africa. While those African examples conveyed, in 1976, the essential subject matter of Noël Duval's groundbreaking remarks on this kind of monuments and while quite recently the Hispanic inventory, much narrower in comparison, has been the topic of a comprehensive study, there is, strangely, no overall treatise dedicated to the reservoir of funerary mosaics in Italy, in spite of the association of sepulchral domain and mosaic decoration having probably been introduced and developed precisely there.Our project which counts on the support assured by Prof. K. Dunbabin, a senior specialist in Ancient mosaics, aims chiefly at the establishment of a book of broad reference. The exhaustive compendium of sepulchral mosaic applications on floors, walls and vaults remains manageable since it comprises no more than approx. 150 items scattered over Italy and the adjacent Adriatic area. Today, those pieces are only to be traced individually or in small groups by means of consulting a large number of far-flung bibliographic titles. Their collective edition and research, unquestionably a desideratum, will allow us to disclose the variety they hold and the changes they underwent.Major attention will be paid to long-term developments, starting in the Late Republican age and trying, if possible, to circumscribe a specific stage within the formative process to which the emergence of the proper "grave mosaic" can be assigned. Another point concerns the transition from pagan to Christian circumstances: To what extent can we state persistencies of conventional patterns, and which traits correspond to the new faith? Accordingly, our endeavour will connect the domains of Classical and Christian Archaeology and thus acknowledge the continuity that presided transformation.Taking into account the spatial arrangements as well as the diverse social settings, our project is going to address the changing quantity and quality of mosaic adornment within the general furnishings of those last resting-places. The issue of mosaics gradually taking over the role of other genres is of special importance when it comes to mosaics placed at elevational positions (arcosolia, burial edifices).Ultimately, we are determined to examine stylistic and/or iconographic interactions among particular regions and territories, regarding notably the relationship between Italic and North African examples.The catalogue of sepulchral mosaics to be analysed deploys as broad a chronologic, geographic and formal range as to offer a very solid potential capable to promise intriguing scholarly results that are of great relevance to our knowledge of Ancient society.