Collaborative Research: Sublimation of Snow (SOS)

合作研究：雪的升华（SOS）

• 批准号: 2139809
• 负责人: Julie Vano
• 金额: $ 19.97万
• 依托单位: Aspen Global Change Institute
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-01-15 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2139809&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Sublimation; Snow; SOS

Snowpack plays a vital role in water resources, especially for regions that get water from the seasonal melt of mountain snowfall. However, melting is not the only way that the snowpack is depleted. Sublimation of snow refers to the process by which snow changes directly to water vapor. The impact of sublimation is not well understood, nor are the specific atmospheric conditions that lead to more or less sublimation. This project will help to address questions related to those topics by deploying a set of advanced instrumentation in Colorado in the 2022-23 winter season. The result of this project will be a dataset that can be used to determine whether numerical models are handling sublimation correctly, and if not, how to improve them. The research team will communicate with relevant stakeholder groups, such as water managers, and develop short videos that explain difficult concepts in clear language accessible to the general public. Students will be directly involved in the field campaign, thereby training the next generation of observational and data analysis scientists.The research team will conduct the Sublimation of Snow (SOS) field campaign in Kettle Ponds, Colorado during the 2022-23 winter season. Snow sublimation plays a significant role in water resources but the physics that govern rates of sublimation are not fully understood. This project will focus on the role of wind in sublimation, both in low-wind conditions where turbulence is crucial, and in higher-wind conditions when blowing snow factors in. The SOS field campaign is embedded within a larger DOE-sponsored campaign called the Surface Atmosphere Integrated Field Laboratory (SAIL) which will provide remote sensing measurements from radars and lidars. SOS will contribute four flux towers (NCAR Integrated Surface Flux Systems, ISFS) for turbulence and latent heat flux measurements, along with a number of other instruments that will provide snow depth, density, and water content, soil and snowpack temperatures, and blowing snow characteristics. Three key science questions will be addressed: What governs the characteristics of the near-surface boundary layer over snow in complex terrain, and how these characteristics evolve through time? Over a winter season, how frequently do different boundary layer regimes occur, how much snow sublimation occurs during each, and how does this affect the total seasonal mass and energy balance? What measurement and analysis strategies are most robust for quantifying snow sublimation in a mountain valley?This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

Snowpack在水资源中起着至关重要的作用，尤其是对于从季节性降雪中获取水的地区。 但是，熔化并不是耗尽积雪的唯一途径。 雪的升华是指雪直接变为水蒸气的过程。 升华的影响尚未得到充分了解，也不会导致或多或少导致升华的特定大气条件。 该项目将通过在2022-23冬季在科罗拉多州部署一套高级仪器来帮助解决与这些主题有关的问题。 该项目的结果将是一个数据集，可用于确定数值模型是否正确处理升华，如果没有，则如何改进它们。 研究团队将与相关的利益相关者群体（例如水管理人员）进行沟通，并制定简短的视频，以清晰的语言访问公众可以访问的困难概念。 学生将直接参与现场运动，从而培训下一代观察和数据分析科学家。研究小组将在2022-23冬季在科罗拉多州的水池中进行雪（SOS）野外运动的升华。 降雪在水资源中起着重要作用，但是尚未完全了解控制升华率的物理学。 该项目将重点关注风在升华中的作用，无论是在湍流至关重要的低风速条件下，在吹雪因子时，在更高的条件下，SOS野外活动嵌入了称为“表面大气集成的较大的DOE”运动中，这将提供从Radars和Lidars和Lidars提供远程感应测量值。 SOS将贡献四个通量塔（NCAR集成的表面通量系统，ISFS），用于湍流和潜在热通量测量，以及许多其他可以提供积雪深度，密度和水分含量以及水分含量，土壤和雪堆温度的乐器，以及吹雪的特征。 将解决三个关键的科学问题：是什么控制了复杂地形中雪地上雪边界层的特征，以及这些特征如何随着时间的流逝而发展？ 在一个冬季，发生不同的边界层状态的频率，在每个季节发生多少雪升华，这如何影响总季节性质量和能量平衡？ 哪些测量和分析策略最适合量化山谷中的降雪？该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并认为使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准，认为值得通过评估来获得支持。