SBP: Collaborative Research: The impact of naturally occurring and experimentally manipulated interracial contact on social cognition

SBP：协作研究：自然发生和实验操纵的跨种族接触对社会认知的影响

• 批准号: 2141326
• 负责人: Jasmin Cloutier
• 金额: $ 42.09万
• 依托单位: University of Delaware
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-06-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2141326&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBP; Collaborative; Research; impact; naturally

Persistent racial tension in the US has led to renewed interest in reducing prejudice along racial lines. A prominent paradigm to address racial bias has been to create opportunities for people of different races to have contact with each other. Interracial contact can be an efficient intervention, but it is unlikely to work as intended without a firm understanding of the exact conditions that reduce racial bias. How deep must contact be? Is it sufficient for people in one group to merely see those of other groups, without any effort to recognize each person (i.e., mere exposure)? Is it necessary to see individuals frequently enough to recognize them without knowing anything else about them (i.e., perceptual individuation)? Or is it essential to interact with someone enough to acquire personal information about them (i.e., knowledge-based individuation)? This project provides a rigorous analysis of these three forms of interracial contact to test whether the extent of contact – while holding constant positivity of contact – can influence peoples' perceptions and evaluations of others, which can have downstream consequences for reducing racial prejudice.The primary aim of this project is to examine how different forms of contact shape racial bias on visual perception of faces, spontaneous judgments, evaluations, and beliefs. Study 1 tests how naturally occurring experiences of interracial contact over a lifetime account for the categorization and evaluation of racial information and for beliefs about other racial groups. Study 2 examines the same categorizations, evaluations, and beliefs, while experimentally manipulating the type of exposure to others. Study 3 utilizes pupillometry and eye-tracking methods to indicate the salience of others' faces after having different forms of contact. Together these studies stand to transform our understanding of whether, how, and why interracial contact could be an effective way to reduce racial prejudice.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

美国持续的种族紧张局势已引起人们对减少种族偏见的重新兴趣。解决种族偏见的一个突出的范式是为不同种族的人们创造机会彼此联系。异族接触可能是一种有效的干预措施，但是如果不坚定地了解减少种族偏见的确切条件，就不太可能按照意图进行工作。必须联系多深？一个小组中的人们只能看到其他群体的人，而没有任何努力来认识每个人（即仅接触）？是否有必要经常看到个人以识别他们而不了解他们的其他任何知识（即感知个性化）？还是与足以获取有关他们的个人信息的人互动（即基于知识的个性化）至关重要？该项目对这三种形式的种族接触进行了严格的分析，以测试接触的程度（在保持接触的持续积极性的同时）是否会影响人们对他人的看法和评估，这可能会产生下游的后果，以减少该项目的主要目的。研究1测试一生中种族间接触的自然发生的经历是如何对种族信息的类别和评估以及对其他种族群体的信念进行评估的。研究2研究了相同的类别，评估和信念，同时通过实验操纵与他人的接触类型。研究3利用化学计量法和眼睛跟踪方法来指示他人的接触形式不同后的显着性。这些研究共同改变了我们对是否，如何以及为什么异族接触的理解可以成为减少种族偏见的有效方法。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的知识分子和更广泛的影响评估审查标准来诚实地通过评估来诚实地支持。