CAREER: The Domestic and International Politics of Global Police

职业：全球警察的国内和国际政治

• 批准号: 2143934
• 负责人: Sabrina Karim
• 金额: $ 65.08万
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2027-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2143934&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Domestic; International; Politics; Global

Whether in the form of protest violence, gender-based violence, torture, extrajudicial killing, or daily abuse, excessive and/or illegitimate police violence presents a challenge in every country of the world. The negative impacts of excessive and/or illegitimate police violence on societies are numerous and consequential: it exacerbates health outcomes, diminishes the quality of governance, and increases the probability of civil conflict. Moreover, donor countries and organizations, including the United States and United Nations, provide billions of dollars to police assistance abroad, thereby potentially affecting recipient country police forces’ ability to use force. Yet, despite the global nature of the problem, most of the work on police violence has largely focused on case studies in the US, UK, and Latin American countries. These single cases do not permit the development of an overarching theory for understanding the domestic and international political conditions under which the police in different countries engage in excessive and/or illegitimate violence. There is also a dearth of cross-national data on global police violence, police institutions, police assistance, and police personnel. This CAREER research and teaching agenda will achieve the following objectives: 1) develop an original political framework and theory on global police violence; 2) gather essential cross-national data on police violence, police autonomy, and international police assistance; 3) collect the largest, original survey data of police personnel around the world; and 4) implement a multi-faceted educational program that will train undergraduate students and masters students in evidence-based strategies for mitigating police violence. This project provides two unique innovations from the current research on police violence. First, it uses a political science framework to understand the complex dynamics of policing and police violence and uses multiple, original data sources to test these theories. Treating the police as political actors uncovers the ways in which institutional and interest-based explanations affect the likelihood of police engaging in different forms of violence. The extensive cross-national, time series data collection of police violence, police institutions, and police assistance enables comparative analysis about the conditions under which different forms of violence is more likely. Moreover, the survey data of police personnel, collected through the already-established Gender and Security Sector Lab, allows the PI to explore how individual interests and beliefs, and unit cohesion affect the propensity of individual officers and groups of officers to abuse their authority. Importantly, the project allows for the synthesis of evidence-based research with education through the development of an undergraduate “Politics of Policing” course and a master’s-level Civilian-Police (Civ-Pol) Certificate program for domestic and international police leadership and bureaucrats who oversee policing decisions. By integrating evidence-based research and research methods into these courses, the project trains the next generation of undergraduates to become public citizens by helping them develop original research, critical thought, and community-based solutions to police violence locally and it puts evidence-based research into the hands of those making decisions about policing globally.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

无论是抗议暴力、基于性别的暴力、酷刑、法外处决还是日常虐待，过度和/或非法的警察暴力在世界各国都是一个挑战。过度和/或非法的警察暴力对社会的负面影响是多方面的，后果也是严重的：它恶化了健康状况，降低了治理质量，增加了国内冲突的可能性。 此外，包括美国和联合国在内的捐助国和捐助组织为海外警察援助提供数十亿美元，从而可能影响受援国警察部队使用武力的能力。 然而，尽管这一问题具有全球性，但大多数关于警察暴力的工作主要集中在美国、英国和拉丁美洲国家的案例研究上。 这些单一的案件不允许发展一个总体理论来理解不同国家的警察从事过度和/或非法暴力的国内和国际政治条件。 关于全球警察暴力、警察机构、警察援助和警察人员的跨国数据也很缺乏。 该研究和教学议程将实现以下目标：1）发展关于全球警察暴力的原创政治框架和理论; 2）收集关于警察暴力，警察自治和国际警察援助的重要跨国数据; 3）收集世界各地警察人员的最大原始调查数据;以及4）实施多方面的教育方案，对本科生和硕士生进行减少警察暴力的循证战略培训。 该项目提供了两个独特的创新，从目前的研究警察暴力。 首先，它使用政治学框架来理解警务和警察暴力的复杂动态，并使用多个原始数据源来测试这些理论。 将警察视为政治行为者揭示了体制和基于利益的解释如何影响警察参与不同形式暴力的可能性。 通过广泛收集警察暴力、警察机构和警察援助的跨国时间序列数据，可以对更可能发生不同形式暴力的条件进行比较分析。 此外，通过已经建立的性别与安全部门实验室收集的警务人员调查数据，使PI能够探索个人利益和信仰以及单位凝聚力如何影响个别警官和警官群体滥用权力的倾向。 重要的是，该项目通过为国内和国际警察领导人和监督警务决策的官僚制定本科“警务政治”课程和硕士级民警证书课程，将循证研究与教育相结合。通过将循证研究和研究方法融入这些课程，该项目通过帮助下一代本科生发展原创性研究，批判性思维，和以社区为基础的解决当地警察暴力的方法，它提供了证据-该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得支持通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估。

项目成果

International involvement in (re-)building police forces: a comparison of US and UN police assistance programs around the world

国际参与（重建）警察部队：美国和联合国世界各地警察援助计划的比较

• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Small wars insurgencies
• 作者: Mailhot, Cameron