CAREER: Toward Geomimetic Concretes

职业生涯：走向几何混凝土

• 批准号: 2145537
• 负责人: Mohammad Javad Abdolhosseini Qomi
• 金额: $ 65万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2145537&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Toward; Geomimetic; Concretes

Inspired by the exotic chemical reactions in earth’s crust, this award focuses on the fundamental understanding of the chemical reactions at the fluid-solid interfaces and leverages this basic insight to design carbon-negative geomimetic concrete materials. The production of ordinary Portland cement-based concretes is responsible for about 7 percent of global anthropogenic carbon emissions and about 9 percent of industrial freshwater withdrawals worldwide. This necessitates the development of infrastructure materials that are not only carbon sink but also water conscious. The progress in designing such sustainable material technologies is in principle confounded by the complexity of chemical reactions occurring at the carbon dioxide-water-solid interfaces. The breakthrough in understanding the mechanistic picture of such heterogenous chemical reactions will not only benefit the design of eco-friendly construction materials, but also entails numerous implications in tuning soil-hosted reactions, determining the fate of contaminants in the geosystems, and understanding environmental catalysis. This Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) award will also instigate synergistic educational efforts to engrave the significance of sustainable construction materials in K-12 and undergraduate students, especially bilingual Hispanic early-learners, who make up a significant portion of the US English language learner population. When it comes to describing the carbonation process with humidified CO2-rich fluids, the long-standing paradigms for bulk aqueous fluid-mediated carbonation via the dissolution-precipitation process become simply irrelevant. Such a change in paradigm is particularly evidenced in geological settings with reports of accelerated carbon mineralization in water-poor fluids. The enhanced carbonation kinetics is hypothesized to be closely related to the formation of interfacial water films that exhibit unique reactant/solvent chemophysical properties and serve effectively as a nano-confining bath mediating chemical reactions. Despite the vast technological implications in developing carbonated concretes, the mechanistic picture of the interfacial processes accountable for the enhanced reactivity in water nanofilms and the associated thermodynamics and kinetics remain elusive. By integrating molecular simulations and in situ and ex situ spectroscopy techniques, this research provides a molecular-level understanding of the nanoconfined processes that govern carbon mineralization in nanoconfined media. These processes include multi-phase fluid segregation in nanoporous media, nanoconfined crystallization processes, and diffusive mass transport in the adsorbed water layers and cation-leached glassy silicates.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

受地壳中奇异化学反应的启发，该奖项专注于对流体-固体界面化学反应的基本理解，并利用这一基本见解设计碳负仿生混凝土材料。普通波特兰水泥基混凝土的生产约占全球人为碳排放量的7%，约占全球工业淡水抽取量的9%。这就需要开发基础设施材料，不仅是碳汇，而且是水意识。设计这种可持续材料技术的进展原则上受到二氧化碳-水-固体界面处发生的化学反应的复杂性的困扰。在理解这种非均相化学反应的机理方面的突破不仅有利于生态友好型建筑材料的设计，而且在调整土壤宿主反应，确定地质系统中污染物的命运以及理解环境催化方面也具有许多意义。该教师早期职业发展（CAREER）奖还将鼓励协同教育努力，以在K-12和本科生中，特别是双语西班牙裔早期学习者，他们构成了美国英语学习者人口的重要组成部分，雕刻可持续建筑材料的重要性。当涉及到用增湿的富CO2流体描述碳酸化过程时，用于通过溶解-沉淀过程的本体水性流体介导的碳酸化的长期范例变得完全无关紧要。这种范式的变化在地质环境中尤其明显，有报告称贫水流体中的碳矿化加速。增强的碳酸化动力学假设是密切相关的界面水膜，表现出独特的反应物/溶剂的化学物理性质，并有效地作为一个纳米限制浴介导的化学反应的形成。尽管在开发碳酸化混凝土的巨大的技术影响，负责在水纳米膜和相关的热力学和动力学的反应性增强的界面过程的机械图仍然难以捉摸。通过整合分子模拟和原位和非原位光谱技术，这项研究提供了一个分子水平的理解nanobolined过程，治理碳矿化nanobolined介质。这些过程包括纳米多孔介质中的多相流体分离、纳米限制结晶过程以及吸附水层和阳离子沥滤玻璃态硅酸盐中的扩散传质。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。